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What are the requirements for direct Nucleofection™ of mRNA for protein expression?

The mRNA should be capped and polyadenylated. The conditions of Nucleofection™ will be the same as for DNA with the particular cell type, i.e. follow the same protocol and use the same program, except one will likely need to add a much higher amount...

Is it more difficult to detect DsRed by FACS than GFP?

Yes, DsRed is much less bright than GFP and is more difficult to detect by FACS and microscopy because it bleaches quickly.

Can I use the pmaxGFP™ control plasmid with insect cells such as S2 cells or SF9 cells?

The pmaxGFP™ Vector provided in our Nucleofector™ Kits is not expressed in insect cells. We strongly recommend an insect expression vector encoding a fluorescent protein or lacZ reporter as a positive control for your experiments [e.g. Novagen™’s...

Which reporter gene should I choose for my reporter gene experiment?

In general, all reporter genes can be used.For some applications (e.g. reporter gene experiments in various primary cells, experiments with late analysis time point due to starving and /or stimulation) a reporter gene with a longer half life than...

Do you have any information regarding differentiation of mouse ES cells after Nucleofection™ with large plasmids?

It is unlikely that plasmid size would affect in vitro differentiation capability. Gene targeting constructs are often as large as 20 kb and if treated well the ES cells are perfectly capable of generating germ line chimaeras afterwards (indicating...

What is the maximum amount of DNA I can use in my Nucleofection™ Experiment?

The overall amount of 5 µg should not be exceeded. Look in the cell specific Optimized Protocol (OP) for the recommended total DNA amount of the cell type of interest.

When should I begin looking for the Luciferase signal after Nucleofection®?

The time course of plasmid expression after Nucleofection® might be different from the time course seen with other transfection methods. We recommend looking at different time points and start with the first time point as early as 4 to 6 hours post...

Does the Mouse T cell protocol work for stimulated mouse T cells?

Yes. Stimulate the cells with anti CD3 and anti CD28 antibody for 24 hours. Use the optimized protocol. Often times, this will result in higher transfection efficiency (60-70% is possible). Alternatively, you can stimulate with ConA and IL-2 for 2-3...

What should I pay attention to when transferring my reporter gene set up from a cell line to a primary cell?

In general the overall expression level differs between different cell types. Don't expect the same level of gene induction when working with primary cells. You might need to change to other DNA amounts or ratios.

Is there a difference between, for example, the programs C-20 and C-020?

No, the programs C-20 and C-020 are identical regarding their electrical parameters. The letter minus a two-digit number is the nomenclature of the Nucleofector™ I. Since we have launched the Nucleofector™ II we changed it to a letter minus a three...

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