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For hepatocytes, is plating density a concern post Nucleofection®?

Yes, the optimized protocols for the standard Nucleofector® recommend the use of 6 well plates. Plating into a 12-well plate will pose a problem as less cells will attach at high densities.

Four hours after Nucleofection®, I can see the hepatocytes have attached to the well, but the morphology does not look correct, should I be concerned?

There is no reason for alarm. The hepatocytes may not exhibit normal morphology a few hours after Nucleofection® but by 24 hours post Nucleofection®, morphology should be normal. Remember to perform a fluid change about 4 hours post...

Why am I not able to detect my fluorescent labeled siRNA (e.g. FITC) after 24 or 48 hours post-Nucleofection?

Fluorescently labeled siRNA duplexes can be used to analyze transfection efficiency by fluorescence microscopy or flow cytometry. However, FITC, Rhodamine, or Alexa-488 labeled siRNA oligos should be analyzed 0.5-3 hours post-Nucleofection™. Cy-5...

Can calcium influx issues affect viability or differentiation in Stem Cells after Nucleofection®?

When cells are transfected by Nucleofection®, transient pores are generated in the cell membrane. Generally, these pores disappear within 15 minutes of transfection, but if cells are plated immediately after Nucleofection® in medias that contain...

Why do plasmids which contain IRES sequences often have lower transfection efficiency?

In general, there is not a problem using IRES plasmids with Nucleofection®, with one important caveat. The levels of expressed protein for the first and second genes will not be identical, and this can create problems with analysis and interpretation...

What are the requirements for direct Nucleofection® of mRNA for protein expression?

The mRNA should be capped and polyadenylated. The conditions of Nucleofection® will be the same as for DNA with the particular cell type, i.e. follow the same protocol and use the same program, except one will likely need to add a much higher...

Why do plasmids that contain LTR sequences often have lower transfection efficiency?

In general, successful Nucleofection® is vector independent, with one important caveat. Some expression plasmids utilize promoters and enhancers obtained from the Long Terminal Repeats (LTR's) of retroviruses, and when these expression plasmids are...

Do I need a pure neuronal culture for Nucleofection® ?

In principle, it should be absolutely fine to nucleofect pure neuron cultures (e.g. after purification by Ficoll). Glial cells are not necessary for transfection. What one would have to consider for example, is to get the required number of neurons,...

Does your Nucleofector® Solutions contain anything that would inhibit attachment of adherent cells?

No. In many cases where decreased attachment is a problem, the cause is inactivated trypsin. Unless the trypsin is inactivated with trypsin inhibitor or media containg BSA or serum, it will continue to degrade the cells and ultimately decrease cell...

Is it more difficult to detect DsRed by FACS than GFP?

Yes, DsRed is much less bright than GFP and is more difficult to detect by FACS and microscopy because it bleaches quickly.

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