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Differential contribution of NFATc2 and NFATc1 to TNF-alpha gene expression in T cells

The NFAT family transcription factors play crucial roles in immunological and other biological events; however, the functional differences among NFAT members have not been fully elucidated. This study investigated the relative contribution of NFATc2...

Authors: Kaminuma O, Kitamura F, Kitamura N, Hiroi T, Miyoshi H, Miyawaki A, Miyatake S

Recombinant interleukin-24 lacks apoptosis-inducing properties in melanoma cells

IL-24, also known as melanoma differentiation antigen 7 (mda-7), is a member of the IL-10 family of cytokines and is mainly produced by Th(2) cells as well as by activated monocytes. Binding of IL-24 to either of its two possible heterodimeric...

Authors: Kreis S, Philippidou D, Margue C, Rolvering C, Haan C, Dumoutier L, Renauld JC, Behrmann I

Mechanism of Inducible Nitric Oxide Synthase Exclusion from Mycobacterial Phagosomes

Mycobacterium tuberculosis is sensitive to nitric oxide generated by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS). Consequently, to ensure its survival in macrophages, M. tuberculosis inhibits iNOS recruitment to its phagosome by an unknown mechanism. Here...

Authors: Davis AS, Vergne I, Master SS, Kyei GB, Chua J, Deretic V

Hypoxia regulates choline kinase expression through hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha signaling in a human prostate cancer model

The intensity of the total choline (tCho) signal in spectroscopic images of tumors is spatially heterogeneous. The likewise heterogeneous physiologic tumor microenvironment may contribute to this heterogeneity. We therefore investigated the...

Authors: Glunde K, Shah T, Winnard PT Jr, Raman V, Takagi T, Vesuna F, Artemov D, Bhujwalla ZM

Expression of androgen receptor is negatively regulated by p53

Increased expression of androgen receptor (AR) in prostate cancer (PC) is associated with transition to androgen independence. Because the progression of PC to advanced stages is often associated with the loss of p53 function, we tested whether the...

Authors: Alimirah F, Panchanathan R, Chen J, Zhang X, Ho SM, Choubey D

Cdc42 regulates cofilin during the establishment of neuronal polarity

The establishment of polarity is an essential process in early neuronal development. Although a number of molecules controlling neuronal polarity have been identified, genetic evidence about their physiological roles in this process is mostly...

Authors: Garvalov BK, Flynn KC, Neukirchen D, Meyn L, Teusch N, Wu X, Brakebusch C, Bamburg JR, Bradke F

Activity-dependent ubiquitination of GABA(A) receptors regulates their accumulation at synaptic sites

GABA(A) receptors (GABA(A)Rs) are the major mediators of fast synaptic inhibition in the brain. In neurons, these receptors undergo significant rates of endocytosis and exocytosis, processes that regulate both their accumulation at synaptic sites and...

Authors: Saliba RS, Michels G, Jacob TC, Pangalos MN, Moss SJ

Regulation of RKIP binding to the N-region of the Raf-1 kinase

The Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) binds to Raf-1 interfering with binding of the MEK substrate and potentially also Raf-1 activation. In response to mitogen stimulation RKIP dissociates from Raf-1 and later re-associates. Here, using a...

Authors: Park S, Rath O, Beach S, Xiang X, Kelly SM, Luo Z, Kolch W, Yeung KC

Regulation of human DAP10 gene expression in NK and T cells by Ap-1 transcription factors

Human NKG2D/DAP10 is an activation receptor expressed by NK and subsets of T cells, whose ligands include MHC class I chain-related (MIC) protein A and protein B and UL16-binding proteins that are often up-regulated by stress or pathological...

Authors: Marusina AI, Burgess SJ, Pathmanathan I, Borrego F, Coligan JE

Frequent epigenetic inactivation of DICKKOPF family genes in human gastrointestinal tumors

Activation of Wnt signaling has been implicated in tumorigenesis, and epigenetic silencing of Wnt antagonist genes has been detected in various cancers. In the present study, we examined the expression and methylation of DICKKOPF (DKK) family genes...

Authors: Sato H, Suzuki H, Toyota M, Nojima M, Maruyama R, Sasaki S, Takagi H, Sogabe Y, Sasaki Y, Idogawa M,...

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