Rapid and iterative genome editing in the malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi provides new tools for P. vivax research.

Authors:
Mohring F1, Hart MN1, Rawlinson TA2, Henrici R1, Charleston JA1, Diez Benavente E1, Patel A1, Hall J3, Almond N3, Campino S1, Clark TG1, Sutherland CJ1, Baker DA1, Draper SJ2, Moon RW1.
In:
Source: eLife
Publication Date: (2019)
Issue: 17: 8
Research Area:
Parasitology
Cells used in publication:
Plasmodium knowlesi
Species: baboon
Tissue Origin:
Platform:
4D-Nucleofector® X-Unit
Experiment

Tightly synchronized mature schizonts were transfected as described previously using the Amaxa 4D electroporator (Lonza) and the P3 Primary cell 4D Nucleofector X Kit L (Lonza)(Moon et al.,2013). 10 ul DNA including at 20 ug repair template pDonor_p230p and 20 mg pCas9/sg_p230p plasmid was used for transfections to generate eGFP expressing lines. 10 ul DNA including 15 mg repair template and 7 mg pCas9/sg_p230p plasmid was used for transfections to integrate the eGFP expression cassette into the p230p locus with PCR repair templates.

Abstract

Tackling relapsing Plasmodium vivax and zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi infections is critical to reducing malaria incidence and mortality worldwide. Understanding the biology of these important and related parasites was previously constrained by the lack of robust molecular and genetic approaches. Here, we establish CRISPR-Cas9 genome editing in a culture-adapted P. knowlesi strain and define parameters for optimal homology-driven repair. We establish a scalable protocol for the production of repair templates by PCR and demonstrate the flexibility of the system by tagging proteins with distinct cellular localisations. Using iterative rounds of genome-editing we generate a transgenic line expressing P. vivax Duffy binding protein (PvDBP), a lead vaccine candidate. We demonstrate that PvDBP plays no role in reticulocyte restriction but can alter the macaque/human host cell tropism of P. knowlesi. Critically, antibodies raised against the P. vivax antigen potently inhibit proliferation of this strain, providing an invaluable tool to support vaccine development