Quantitative analysis of membrane remodeling at the phagocytic cup

Authors:
Lee WL, Mason D, Schreiber AD, Grinstein S
In:
Source: Mol Biol Cell
Publication Date: (2007)
Issue: 18(8): 2883-92
Research Area:
Immunotherapy / Hematology
Cells used in publication:
RAW 264.7
Species: mouse
Tissue Origin: blood
Platform:
Nucleofector® I/II/2b
Abstract
Nascent phagosomes, which are derived from the plasma membrane, acquire microbicidal properties through multiple fusion and fission events collectively known as maturation. Here we show that remodelling of the phagosomal membrane is apparent even before sealing, particularly when large particles are ingested. Fluorescent probes targeted to the plasma membrane are cleared from the region lining the particle before engulfment is completed. Extensive clearance was noted for components of the inner as well as outer monolayer of the plasmalemma. Segregation of lipid microdomains was ruled out as the mechanism underlying membrane remodelling, since markers residing in rafts and those that are excluded were similarly depleted. Selective endocytosis was also ruled out. Instead, several lines of evidence indicate that endomembranes inserted by exocytosis at sites of ingestion displace the original membrane constituents from the base of the phagosomal cup. The Fcgamma receptors that trigger phagocytosis remain associated with their ligands. By contrast, Src-family kinases that are the immediate effectors of receptor activation are flushed away from the cup by the incoming membranes. Together with the depletion of phosphoinositides required for signal transduction, the disengagement of receptors from their effectors by bulk membrane remodelling provides a novel means to terminate receptor signaling.