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Specificity of olfactory receptor interactions with other G protein-coupled receptors

Studies on olfactory receptor (OR) pharmacology have been hindered by the poor plasma membrane localization of most ORs in heterologous cells. We previously reported that association with the beta(2)-adrenergic receptor (beta(2)-AR) facilitates...

Authors: Bush CF, Jones SV, Lyle AN, Minneman KP, Ressler KJ, Hall RA

Many NK cell receptors activate ERK2 and JNK1 to trigger microtubule organizing center and granule polarization and cytotoxicity

Natural killer (NK) cells are components of the innate immune system that recognize and kill tumor or virus-infected target cells through specific NK activating receptor/ligand interactions. Lymphocyte function-associated antigen (LFA)-1 and its...

Authors: Chen X, Trivedi PP, Ge B, Krzewski K, Strominger JL

Modulation of estrogen receptor alpha protein level and survival function by DBC-1

Acquired resistance to endocrine therapy represents a major clinical obstacle to the successful management of estrogen-dependent breast cancers expressing estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha). Because a switch from ligand-dependent to ligand-independent...

Authors: Trauernicht AM, Kim SJ, Kim NH, Boyer TG

Production of Specific mRNA Transcripts, Usage of an Alternate Promoter, and Octamer-Binding Transcription Factors Influence the Surface Expression Levels of the HIV Coreceptor CCR5 on Primary T Cells

Surface levels of CCR5 on memory CD4(+) T cells influence HIV-1/AIDS susceptibility. Alternative promoter usage results in the generation of CCR5 mRNA isoforms that differ based on whether they contain or lack the untranslated exon 1. The impact of...

Authors: Mummidi S, Adams LM, Vancompernolle SE, Kalkonde M, Camargo JF, Kulkarni H, Bellinger AS, Bonello G,...

Cross-regulation of carbon monoxide and the adenosine a2a receptor in macrophages

Adenosine and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) exert a wide range of anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory actions, making them crucial regulatory molecules. Despite the diversity in their modes of action, the similarity of biological effects of adenosine...

Authors: Haschemi A, Wagner O, Marculescu R, Wegiel B, Robson SC, Gagliani N, Gallo D, Chen JF, Bach FH,...

Identification of dystroglycan as a second laminin receptor in oligodendrocytes, with a role in myelination

Developmental abnormalities of myelination are observed in the brains of laminin-deficient humans and mice. The mechanisms by which these defects occur remain unknown. It has been proposed that, given their central role in mediating extracellular...

Authors: Colognato H, Galvin J, Wang Z, Relucio J, Nguyen T, Harrison D, Yurchenco PD, Ffrench-Constant C

Introns regulate the rate of unstable mRNA decay

The expression of neutrophil-specific chemokines is known to be regulated via adenine-uridine-rich sequence elements in the 3'-untranslated regions of their mRNAs that confer a high degree of mRNA instability. Although the presence of intron...

Authors: Zhao C, Hamilton T

Negative elongation factor, NELF, represses human immunodeficiency virus transcription by pausing the RNA polymerase II complex

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transcription requires virally encoded Tat and the P-TEFb protein complex, which together associate with the Tat-activating region, a structured region in the nascent transcript. P-TEFb phosphorylates Proteins in...

Authors: Zhang Z, Klatt A, Gilmour DS, Henderson AJ

Human immunodeficiency virus-restricted replication in astrocytes and the ability of gamma interferon to modulate this restriction are regulated by a downstream effector of the Wnt signaling pathwaysignaling pathway

Astrocyte dysregulation correlates with the severity and the rate of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated dementia (HAD) progression, highlighting a pivotal role for astrocytes in HIV neuropathogenesis. Yet, astrocytes limit HIV, indicating...

Authors: Carroll-Anzinger D, Kumar A, Adarichev V, Kashanchi F, Al-Harthi L

Up-Regulation of Gene Related to Anergy in Lymphocytes Is Associated with Notch-Mediated Human T Cell Suppression

A growing body of literature indicates that the Notch pathway can influence the activation and differentiation of peripheral murine T cells, though comparatively little is known about the effects of Notch signaling in human T cells. In the present...

Authors: Kostianovsky AM, Maier LM, Baecher-Allan C, Anderson AC, Anderson DE

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