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Antitumor activity of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase-beta inhibitors, a novel class of agents, in multiple myeloma

In this study, we examined the effects of isoform-specific functional inhibitors of lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (LPAAT), which converts lysophosphatidic acid to phosphatidic acid, on multiple myeloma (MM) cell growth and survival. The...

Authors: Hideshima T, Chauhan D, Hayashi T, Podar K, Akiyama M, Mitsiades C, Mitsiades N, Gong B, Bonham L,...

Caspase-3 has a nonapoptotic function in erythroid maturation

Caspase-3 plays a central role in apoptosis. It is also activated in normal erythropoiesis, with its activity peaking early during development (erythroid colony-forming unit [CFU-E] stage). In the present study, we have reduced the expression and...

Authors: Carlile GW, Smith DH, Wiedmann M.

Interleukin 10 regulates cell surface and soluble LIR-2 (CD85d) expression on dendritic cells resulting in T cell hyporesponsiveness in vitro

Dendritic cells (DC) are unique in their ability to stimulate naive T cells to proliferate and to differentiate into effector T cells. DC, however, can also inhibit T cell activation and play a role in central and peripheral tolerance. IL-10 has been...

Authors: Beinhauer BG, McBride JM, Graf P, Pursch E, Bongers M, Rogy M, Korthauer U, de Vries JE, Aversa G...

Mutant small heat-shock protein 27 causes axonal Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and distal hereditary motor neuropathy

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common inherited neuromuscular disease and is characterized by considerable clinical and genetic heterogeneity. We previously reported a Russian family with autosomal dominant axonal CMT and assigned the...

Authors: Evgrafov OV, Mersiyanova I, Irobi J, Van Den Bosch L, Dierick I, Leung CL, Schagina O, Verpoorten N,...

Nuclear export of OLIG2 in neural stem cells is essential for ciliary neurotrophic factor-induced astrocyte differentiation

Neural stem cell (NSC) differentiation is precisely controlled by a network of transcription factors, which themselves are regulated by extracellular signals (Bertrand, N., D.S. Castro, and F. Guillemot, 2002. Nat. Rev. Neurosci 3:517-530; Shirasaki,...

Authors: Setoguchi T and Kondo T

DNA end joining becomes less efficient and more error-prone during cellular senescence

Accumulation of somatic mutations is thought to contribute to the aging process. Genomic instability has been shown to increase during aging, suggesting an aberrant function of DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair. Surprisingly, DSB repair has not...

Authors: Seluanov A, Mittelman D, Pereira-Smith OM, Wilson JH and Gorbunova V

Quantitative analysis of translesion DNA synthesis across a benzo[a]pyrene-guanine adduct in mammalian cells: The role of DNA polymerase k

Replication across unrepaired DNA lesions in mammalian cells is effected primarily by specialized, low fidelity DNA polymerases. We studied translesion DNA synthesis (TLS) across a benzo[a]pyrene-guanine (BP-G) adduct, a major mutagenic DNA lesion...

Authors: Avkin S, Goldsmith M, Velasco-Miguel S, Geacintov N, Friedberg EC and Livneh Z

AILIM/ICOS signaling induces T-cell migration/polarization of memory/effector T-cells

AILIM/ICOS has critical roles in the regulation of T-cell differentiation and effector T-cell function in various immune responses. The counter-ligand for AILIM/ICOS, B7h, is widely expressed in not only lymphoid tissue and antigen-presenting cells,...

Authors: Okamoto N, Nukada Y, Tezuka K, Ohashi K, Mizuno K and Tsuji T

Blockade of Hsp27 overcomes bortezomib/proteasome inhibitor PS-341 resistance in lymphoma cells

Bortezomib (PS-341), a selective inhibitor of proteasome, induces apoptosis in various tumor cells, but its mechanism of action is unclear. Treatment with PS-341 induces apoptosis in SUDHL6 (DHL6), but not SUDHL4 (DHL4), lymphoma cells. Microarray...

Authors: Chauhan D, Li G, Shringarpure R, Podar K, Ohtake Y, Hideshima T and Anderson KC

In vitro and ex vivo activation of the TLR5 signaling pathway in intestinal epithelial cells by a commensal Escherichia coli strain

The capacity of non-pathogenic enteric bacteria to induce a pro-inflammatory response is under debate in terms of its effect on the symbiosis between the mammalian host and its commensal gut microflora. Activation of NF-kappaB and induction of...

Authors: Bambou JC, Giraud A, Menard S, Begue B, Rakotobe S, Heyman M, Taddei F, Cerf-Bensussan N and...

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