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JAK2 tyrosine kinase phosphorylates PAK1 and regulates PAK1 activity and functions

The serine-threonine kinase PAK1 is activated by small GTPase-dependent and -independent mechanisms and promotes cell survival. However, the role of tyrosyl phosphorylation in the regulation of PAK1 function is poorly understood. In this study, we...

Authors: Rider L, Shatrova A, Feener EP, Webb L, Diakonova M

Prevention of LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Angiopoietin 1

BACKGROUND: The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a clinical complication of severe acute lung injury (ALI) in humans, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. ALI is characterized by disruption of the lung...

Authors: Mei SH, McCarter SD, Deng Y, Parker CH, Liles WC, Stewart DJ

Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinase reduces cell surface expression of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) in cultured collecting duct cells

Ubiquitination of ENaC subunits has been shown to negatively regulate the cell surface expression of ENaC channels. We have previously demonstrated that epsin links ubiquitinated ENaC to clathrin adaptors for clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Epsin is...

Authors: Weixel KM, Edinger RS, Kester L, Guerriero CJ, Wang H, Fang L, Kleyman TR, Welling PA, Weisz OA,...

Wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein is a key regulator of the phagocytic cup formation in macrophages

Phagocytosis is a vital first-line host defense mechanism against infection, involving the ingestion and digestion of foreign materials such as bacteria by specialized cells, phagocytes. In order for phagocytes to ingest the foreign materials, they...

Authors: Tsuboi S, Meerloo J

Myosin Va controls oligodendrocyte morphogenesis and myelination

A product of myosin Va mutations, Griscelli's syndrome type 1 (GS1) is characterized by several neurologic deficits including quadraparesis, mental retardation, and seizures. Although multiple studies have not clearly established a cause for the...

Authors: Sloane JA, Vartanian TK

EP2 receptor mediates PGE2-induced cystogenesis of human renal epithelial cells

Autosomal-dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) is characterized by formation of cysts from tubular epithelial cells. Previous studies indicate that secretion of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) into cyst fluid and production of cAMP underlie cyst...

Authors: Elberg G, Elberg D, Lewis TV, Guruswamy S, Chen L, Logan CJ, Chan MD, Turman MA

Biosynthesis of regulatory oxysterol, 5-cholesten-3beta , 25-diol 3-sulfate, in hepatocytes

Cellular cholesterol homeostasis is maintained through coordinated regulation of cholesterol synthesis, degradation, and secretion. Nuclear receptors for oxygenated cholesterol derivatives (oxysterols) are known to play key roles in the regulation of...

Authors: Li X, Pandak WM, Erickson SK, Ma Y, Yin L, Hylemon P, Ren S

Role of kinase suppressor of Ras-1 in neuronal survival signaling by extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2

Scaffolding proteins including kinase suppressor of Ras-1 (KSR1) determine specificity of signaling by extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), enabling it to couple diverse extracellular stimuli to various cellular responses. The...

Authors: Szatmari E, Kalita KB, Kharebava G, Hetman M

Stimulation of c-Myc transcriptional activity by vIRF-3 of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus

Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is associated with two lymphoproliferative disorders, primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and Castleman disease. In PEL, Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus is present in a latent form expressing only few viral...

Authors: Lubyova B, Kellum MJ, Frisancho JA, Pitha PM

Critical role of calpain I in mitochondrial release of apoptosis-inducing factor in ischemic neuronal injury

Loss of mitochondrial membrane integrity and release of apoptogenic factors are a key step in the signaling cascade leading to neuronal cell death in various neurological disorders, including ischemic injury. Emerging evidence has suggested that the...

Authors: Cao G, Xing J, Xiao X, Liou AK, Gao Y, Yin XM, Clark RS, Graham SH, Chen J

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