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The Chemokine Receptor CCR7 Activates in Dendritic Cells Two Signaling Modules That Independently Regulate Chemotaxis and Migratory Speed

CCR7 is necessary to direct dendritic cells (DCs) to secondary lymphoid nodes and to elicit an adaptative immune response. Despite its importance, little is known about the molecular mechanisms used by CCR7 to direct DCs to lymph nodes. In addition...

Authors: Riol-Blanco L, Sanchez-Sanchez N, Torres A, Tejedor A, Narumiya S, Corbi AL, Sanchez-Mateos P and...

A local coupling model and compass parameter for eukaryotic chemotaxis

Chemotaxis is a cellular sensing mechanism that guides immune cells to sites of infection and leads fibroblasts to sites of injury. Here, we show in migrating primary dendritic cells and fibroblasts that the leading edge is not a uniform signaling...

Authors: Arrieumerlou C and Meyer T

Molecular interactions of B-CAM (basal-cell adhesion molecule) and laminin in epithelial skin cancer

Molecular events underlying the progression of malignant tumors through the surrounding tissue are largely mediated by membrane-bound adhesion molecules. Basal-cell adhesion molecule (B-CAM), a 90-kDa laminin receptor of the immunoglobulin...

Authors: Drewniok C, Wienrich BG, Schon M, Ulrich J, Zen Q, Telen MJ, Hartig RJ, Wieland I, Gollnick H and...

Three Structurally and Functionally Divergent Kinds of Promoters Regulate Expression of Clonally Distributed Killer Cell Ig-Like Receptors (KIR), of KIR2DL4, and of KIR3DL3

The generation of killer cell Ig-like receptor (KIR) expression patterns in NK cells involves variegated silencing of KIR genes by DNA methylation. To identify regulatory elements involved in KIR gene activation, upstream regions of KIR genes were...

Authors: Trompeter HI, Gomez-Lozano N, Santourlidis S, Eisermann B, Wernet P, Vilches C and Uhrberg M

Vertebrate nonmuscle myosin II isoforms rescue small interfering RNA-induced defects in COS-7 cell cytokinesis

RNA interference (RNAi) treatment of monkey COS-7 cells, a cell line that lacks nonmuscle myosin heavy chain II-A (NMHC II-A) but contains NMHC II-B and II-C, was used to investigate the participation of NMHC isoforms in cytokinesis. We specifically...

Authors: Bao J, Jana SS and Adelstein RS

Type 4 cAMP phosphodiesterase (PDE4) inhibitors augment glucocorticoid-mediated apoptosis in B cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL) in the absence of exogenous adenylyl cyclase stimulation

cAMP-mediated signaling potentiates glucocorticoid-mediated apoptosis in lymphoid cells, but an effective means by which to take advantage of this observation in the treatment of lymphoid malignancies has not been identified. The primary objective of...

Authors: Tiwari S, Dong H, Kim EJ, Weintraub L, Epstein PM and Lerner A

Pathological missense mutations of neural cell adhesion molecule L1 affect neurite outgrowth and branching on an L1 substrate

A number of pathological missense mutations of L1CAM have been shown to disrupt L1-L1 homophilic binding and/or affect surface expression. To investigate whether these mutations disrupt L1-mediated neurite outgrowth, cerebellar neurons from L1...

Authors: Cheng L and Lemmon V

Roles of tyrosine phosphorylation and cleavage of protein kinase Cdelta in its protective effect against tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis inducing ligand-induced apoptosis

Protein kinase Cdelta (PKCdelta) regulates cell apoptosis in a cell- and stimulus-specific manner. Here, we studied the role of PKCdelta in the apoptotic effect of TRAIL in glioma cells. We found that transfection of the cells with a PKCdelta...

Authors: Okhrimenko H, Lu W, Jiang C, Ju D, Blumberg PM, Gomel R, Kazimirsky G and Brodie C

Circulating transcriptome reveals markers of atherosclerosis

Circulating monocytes mediate inflammation in atherosclerosis and may serve as easily accessible reporters of disease. To search for markers of atherosclerosis, we compared the in vivo transcriptomes of monocytes purified from patients undergoing...

Authors: Patino WD, Mian OY, Kang JG, Matoba S, Bartlett LD, Holbrook B, Trout HH 3rd, Kozloff L and Hwang...

Mutant V599EB-Raf regulates growth and vascular development of malignant melanoma tumors

Activating mutations of the B-RAF gene are observed in >60% of human melanomas. Approximately 90% of these mutations occur in the activation segment of the kinase domain as a single-base substitution that converts a valine to glutamic acid at codon...

Authors: Sharma A, Trivedi NR, Zimmerman MA, Tuveson DA, Smith CD and Robertson GP

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