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Brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1), a component of the molecular clock, regulates adipogenesis

Brain and muscle Arnt-like protein-1 (BMAL1; also known as MOP3 or Arnt3) is a transcription factor known to regulate circadian rhythm. Here, we established its involvement in the control of adipogenesis and lipid metabolism activity in mature...

Authors: Shimba S, Ishii N, Ohta Y, Ohno T, Watabe Y, Hayashi M, Wada T, Aoyagi T and Tezuka M

The inositol phosphatase SHIP-2 down-regulates FcgammaR-mediated phagocytosis in murine macrophages independently of SHIP-1

FcgammaR-mediated phagocytosis of IgG-coated particles is a complex process involving the activation of multiple signaling enzymes and is regulated by the inositol phosphatases PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) and SHIP-1...

Authors: Ai J, Maturu A, Johnson W, Wang Y, Marsh CB and Tridandapani S

Transcriptional repressor DREAM regulates T-lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine gene expression

Downstream Regulatory Element Antagonist Modulator (DREAM) is a Ca(2+)-dependent transcriptional repressor expressed in the brain, thyroid gland and thymus. Here, we analyzed the function of DREAM and the related protein KChIP-2 in the immune system...

Authors: Savignac M, Pintado B, Gutierrez-Adan A, Palczewska M, Mellstrom B and Naranjo JR

Apoptosis Induced by the Kinase Inhibitor BAY 43-9006 in Human Leukemia Cells Involves Down-regulation of Mcl-1 through Inhibition of Translation

BAY 43-9006 is a kinase inhibitor that induces apoptosis in a variety of tumor cells. Here we report that treatment with BAY 43-9006 results in marked cytochrome c and AIF release into the cytosol, caspase-9, -8, -7, and -3 activation, and apoptosis...

Authors: Rahmani M, Maynard Davis E, Bauer C, Dent P and Grant S

Toll-like receptor 4 signaling regulates cytosolic phospholipase A2 activation and lipid generation in LPS-stimulated macrophages

Inflammatory lipid mediators such as prostaglandins and leukotrienes play crucial roles in the pathogenesis of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation. Cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)) is a key enzyme in the generation of...

Authors: Qi HY and Shelhamer JH

STIM1 is a Ca(2+) sensor that activates CRAC channels and migrates from the Ca(2+) store to the plasma membrane

As the sole Ca(2+) entry mechanism in a variety of non-excitable cells, store-operated calcium (SOC) influx is important in Ca(2+) signalling and many other cellular processes. A calcium-release-activated calcium (CRAC) channel in T lymphocytes is...

Authors: Zhang SL, Yu Y, Roos J, Kozak JA, Deerinck TJ, Ellisman MH, Stauderman KA and Cahalan MD

Vesicle-mediated transport and release of CCL21 in endangered neurons: a possible explanation for microglia activation remote from a primary lesion

Whenever neurons in the CNS are injured, microglia become activated. In addition to local activation, microglia remote from the primary lesion site are stimulated. Because this so-called secondary activation of microglia is instrumental for long-term...

Authors: de Jong EK, Dijkstra IM, Hensens M, Brouwer N, van Amerongen M, Liem RS, Boddeke HW and Biber K

The Chemokine SDF-1/CXCL12 Binds to and Signals through the Orphan Receptor RDC1 in T Lymphocytes

Combined phylogenetic and chromosomal location studies suggest that the orphan receptor RDC1 is related to CXC chemokine receptors. RDC1 provides a co-receptor function for a restricted number of HIV isolates, in particular for the CXCR4-using HIV-2...

Authors: Balabanian K, Lagane B, Infantino S, Chow KY, Harriague J, Moepps B, Arenzana-Seisdedos F, Thelen M...

The initiation of antigen-induced B cell antigen receptor signaling viewed in living cells by fluorescence resonance energy transfer

Binding of antigen to the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) triggers signaling that ultimately leads to B cell activation. Using quantitative fluorescence resonance energy transfer imaging, we provide evidence here that the BCR is a monomer on the...

Authors: Tolar P, Sohn HW and Pierce SK

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Induces the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) in a Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-dependent Fashion, and the UPR Counteracts ROS Accumulation by TNF

Accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causes ER overload, resulting in ER stress. To cope with ER stress, mammalian cells trigger a specific response known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). Although recent studies...

Authors: Xue X, Piao JH, Nakajima A, Sakon-Komazawa S, Kojima Y, Mori K, Yagita H, Okumura K, Harding H, and...

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