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Phagocyte cell migration is mediated by phospholipases PLD1 and PLD2

We have investigated whether the signaling protein phospholipase D is implicated in leukocyte cell motility. Treating differentiated HL-60 cells with small interfering RNAs (siRNAs), to deplete endogenous expression of the PLD1 isoform, led to an...

Authors: Lehman N, Di Fulvio M, McCray N, Campos I, Tabatabaian F, Gomez-Cambronero J

IL-21 Down-Regulates NKG2D/DAP10 Expression on Human NK and CD8+ T Cells

IL-21 is a recently described cytokine, produced by activated Th cells, that shares significant homology with members of the IL-2 family of cytokines. IL-21 mediates its biological effects via the IL-21R in conjunction with the common receptor...

Authors: Burgess SJ, Marusina AI, Pathmanathan I, Borrego F and Coligan JE

Opioids Trigger 5beta1 Integrin-Mediated Monocyte Adhesion

Inflammatory reactions involve a network of chemical and molecular signals that initiate and maintain host response. In inflamed tissue, immune system cells generate opioid peptides that contribute to potent analgesia by acting on specific peripheral...

Authors: Pello OM, Duthey B, Garcia-Bernal D, Rodriguez-Frade JM, Stein JV, Teixido J, Martinez-A C and...

Elevated cysteine-rich 61 mediates aberrant collagen homeostasis in chronologically aged and photoaged human skin

Alterations of human skin connective tissue structure and function are prominent features of chronological aging and solar UV irradiation-induced premature aging (photoaging). These skin connective tissue abnormalities result, in part, from reduced...

Authors: Quan T, He T, Shao Y, Lin L, Kang S, Voorhees JJ, Fisher GJ

Induction of Lactoferrin Gene Expression in Myeloid or Mammary Gland Cells by Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 1 (HTLV-1) Tax: Implications for Milk-Borne Transmission of HTLV-1

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1), the causative agent of adult T-cell leukemia, is transmitted vertically via breastfeeding. We have previously demonstrated that lactoferrin, a major milk protein, enhances HTLV-1 replication, at least in...

Authors: Moriuchi M, Moriuchi H

Characterization of SIS3, a Novel Specific Inhibitor of Smad3, and Its Effect on Transforming Growth Factor-beta1-Induced Extracellular Matrix Expression

This is the first report that characterizes specific inhibitor of Smad3 (SIS3) as a potent and selective inhibitor of Smad3 function. In the reporter assay, the increased luciferase activity of p3TP-lux by the overexpression of constitutively active...

Authors: Jinnin M, Ihn H and Tamaki K

Ets-1-dependent expression of vascular endothelial growth factor receptors is activated by latency-associated nuclear antigen of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus through interaction with Daxx

Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and its receptors are highly expressed in Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) lesion and play a key role in angiogenesis. Latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) of Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV/HHV8) has...

Authors: Murakami Y, Yamagoe S, Noguchi K, Takebe Y, Takahashi N, Uehara Y, Fukazawa H

Notch signalling regulates stem cell numbers in vitro and in vivo

The hope of developing new transplantation therapies for degenerative diseases is limited by inefficient stem cell growth and immunological incompatibility with the host. Here we show that Notch receptor activation induces the expression of the...

Authors: Androutsellis-Theotokis A, Leker RR, Soldner F, Hoeppner DJ, Ravin R, Poser SW, Rueger MA, Bae SK,...

Enrichment of regulatory CD4(+)CD25(+) T cells by inhibition of phospholipase D signaling

Antigen stimulation of lymphocytes induces upregulation of phospholipase D (PLD) activity, but the biological significance of PLD-mediated signaling in T cells has not been well established. Here we demonstrate that PLD signaling is essential for...

Authors: Singh N, Seki Y, Takami M, Baban B, Chandler PR, Khosravi D, Zheng X, Takezaki M, Lee JR, Mellor AL,...

Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase functions as a ras effector in the signaling cascade that regulates dephosphorylation of the actin-remodeling protein cofilin after costimulation of untransformed human T lymphocytes

The activity of cofilin, an actin-remodeling protein, is required for T lymphocyte activation with regard to formation of the immunological synapse, cytokine production, and proliferation. In unstimulated T PBL (PB-T), cofilin is present in its...

Authors: Wabnitz GH, Nebl G, Klemke M, Schroder AJ, and Samstag Y

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