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GRP78 is a novel receptor initiating a vascular barrier protective response to oxidized phospholipids.

Vascular integrity and the maintenance of blood vessel continuity are fundamental features of the circulatory system maintained through endothelial cell-cell junctions. Defects in endothelial barrier become an initiating factor in several pathologies...

Authors: Birukova AA, Singleton PA, Gawlak G, Tian X, Mirzapoiazova T, Mambetsariev B, Dubrovskyi O,...

Human embryonic epidermis contains a diverse Langerhans cell precursor pool.

Despite intense efforts, the exact phenotype of the epidermal Langerhans cell (LC) precursors during human ontogeny has not been determined yet. These elusive precursors are believed to migrate into the embryonic skin and to express primitive surface...

Authors: Schuster C1, Mildner M, Mairhofer M, Bauer W, Fiala C, Prior M, Eppel W, Kolbus A, Tschachler E,...

Thrombin has biphasic effects on the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway in endothelial cells and contributes to experimental pulmonary hypertension.

BACKGROUND: A potential role for coagulation factors in pulmonary arterial hypertension has been recently described, but the mechanism of action is currently not known. Here, we investigated the interactions between thrombin and the nitric...

Authors: Nickel KF, Laux V, Heumann R, von Degenfeld G.

Tamarind Seed Xyloglucans Promote Proliferation and Migration of Human Skin Cells through Internalization via Stimulation of Proproliferative Signal Transduction Pathways.

Xyloglucans (XGs) of Tamarindus indica L. Fabaceae are used as drug vehicles or as ingredients of cosmetics. Two xyloglucans were extracted from T. indica seed with cold water (TSw) and copper complex precipitation (TSc). Both were analyzed in regard...

Authors: Nie W, Deters AM.

Inhibition of IGF-1R prevents ionizing radiation-induced primary endothelial cell senescence.

Accelerated senescence is a primary response to cellular stresses including DNA damaging agents (e.g., ionizing radiation) and is widely believed to be caused by continuous proliferative signaling in the presence of cell cycle arrest. Studies of...

Authors: Panganiban RA, Day RM.

Stiffness-Activated GEF-H1 Expression Exacerbates LPS-Induced Lung Inflammation.

Acute lung injury (ALI) is accompanied by decreased lung compliance. However, a role of tissue mechanics in modulation of inflammation remains unclear. We hypothesized that bacterial lipopolysacharide (LPS) stimulates extracellular matrix (ECM)...

Authors: Mambetsariev I, Tian Y, Wu T, Lavoie T, Solway J, Birukov KG, Birukova AA.

Functional prostacyclin synthase promoter polymorphisms. Impact in pulmonary arterial hypertension.

RATIONALE: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a progressive disease characterized by elevated pulmonary artery pressure, vascular remodeling, and ultimately right ventricular heart failure. PAH can have a genetic component (heritable PAH),...

Authors: Stearman RS, Cornelius AR, Lu X, Conklin DS, Del Rosario MJ, Lowe AM, Elos MT, Fettig LM, Wong RE,...

The effect of chitin size, shape, source and purification method on immune recognition.

The animal immune response to chitin is not well understood and needs to be investigated further. However, this is a challenging topic to study because of the technical difficulties in purifying chitin, and because this material usually comes...

Authors: Alvarez FJ.

Sulindac sulfide selectively inhibits growth and induces apoptosis of human breast tumor cells by phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition, elevation of cyclic GMP, and activation of protein kinase G.

Sulindac displays promising antineoplastic activity, but toxicities from cyclooxygenase inhibition limit its use for chemoprevention. Previous reports suggest that its anticancer properties may be attributed to a cyclooxygenase-independent mechanism,...

Authors: Tinsley HN1, Gary BD, Keeton AB, Zhang W, Abadi AH, Reynolds RC, Piazza GA.

Fungal chitin dampens inflammation through IL-10 induction mediated by NOD2 and TLR9 activation.

Chitin is an essential structural polysaccharide of fungal pathogens and parasites, but its role in human immune responses remains largely unknown. It is the second most abundant polysaccharide in nature after cellulose and its derivatives today are...

Authors: Wagener J1, Malireddi RK2, Lenardon MD1, Köberle M3, Vautier S1, MacCallum DM1, Biedermann T3,...

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