Search Results

Microtubule stabilization specifies initial neuronal polarization

We examine here the role of microtubule dynamics in neuronal polarization using hippocampal neurons in culture. We see increased microtubule stability along the shaft in a single neurite before axon formation and in the axon of morphologically...

Authors: Witte H, Neukirchen D, Bradke F

Regulation of PI3K signalling by the phosphatidylinositol transfer protein PITP-alpha during axonal extension in hippocampal neurons

Phosphatidylinositol transfer proteins (PITPs) mediate the transfer of phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns) or phosphatidylcholine (PtdCho) between two membrane compartments, thereby regulating the interface between signalling, phosphoinositide (PI)...

Authors: Cosker KE, Shadan S, van Diepen M, Morgan C, Li M, Allen-Baume V, Hobbs C, Doherty P, Cockcroft S,...

Protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit regulates Cdk1 activity and microtubule organization via NDEL1 dephosphorylation

Protein phosphatase 4 catalytic subunit (PP4c) is a PP2A-related protein serine/threonine phosphatase with important functions in a variety of cellular processes, including microtubule (MT) growth/organization, apoptosis, and tumor necrosis factor...

Authors: Toyo-Oka K, Mori D, Yano Y, Shiota M, Iwao H, Goto H, Inagaki M, Hiraiwa N, Muramatsu M,...

The insulator factor CTCF controls MHC class II gene expression and is required for the formation of long-distance chromatin interactions

Knockdown of the insulator factor CCCTC binding factor (CTCF), which binds XL9, an intergenic element located between HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQA1, was found to diminish expression of these genes. The mechanism involved interactions between CTCF and class...

Authors: Majumder P, Gomez JA, Chadwick BP, Boss JM

Lys (K)63-linked polyubiquitination of IRAK-1 is required for IL-1 receptor- and Toll-like receptor-mediated NF-kappaB activation

Stimulation through the IL-1 receptor (IL-1R) and some Toll-like receptors (TLRs) induces ubiquitination of TRAF6 and IRAK-1, signaling components required for NF-kappa B and MAP kinase activation. Here we show that although TRAF6 and IRAK-1 acquired...

Authors: Conze DB, Wu CJ, Thomas JA, Landstrom A, Ashwell JD

Trefoil Factor 3 Stimulates Human and Rodent Pancreatic Islet beta-Cell Replication with Retention of Function

Both major forms of diabetes involve a decline in beta-cell mass, mediated by autoimmune destruction of insulin-producing cells in type 1 diabetes and by increased rates of apoptosis secondary to metabolic stress in type 2 diabetes. Methods for...

Authors: Fueger PT, Schisler JS, Lu D, Babu DA, Mirmira RG, Newgard CB, Hohmeier HE

Glucocorticoid-related signaling effects in vascular smooth muscle cells

Mineralocorticoid receptor blockade protects from angiotensin II-induced target-organ damage. 11beta-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 protects the mineralocorticoid receptor from activation by glucocorticoids; however, high glucocorticoid...

Authors: Molnar GA, Lindschau C, Dubrovska G, Mertens PR, Kirsch T, Quinkler M, Gollasch M, Wresche S, Luft...

PICOT Attenuates Cardiac Hypertrophy by Disrupting Calcineurin-NFAT Signaling

PICOT (protein kinase C-interacting cousin of thioredoxin) was previously shown to inhibit pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy, concomitant with an increase in ventricular function and cardiomyocyte contractility. The combined analyses of...

Authors: Jeong D, Kim JM, Cha H, Oh JG, Park J, Yun SH, Ju ES, Jeon ES, Hajjar RJ, Park WJ

FK506 binding protein mediates glioma cell growth and sensitivity to rapamycin treatment by regulating NF-kappaB signaling pathway

FK506 binding protein 5 (FKBP5) belongs to a family of immunophilins named for their ability to bind immunosuppressive drugs, also known as peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases, and also with chaperones to help protein folding. Using glioma cDNA...

Authors: Jiang W, Cazacu S, Xiang C, Zenklusen JC, Fine HA, Berens M, Armstrong B, Brodie C, Mikkelsen T

NFAR-1 and -2 modulate translation and are required for efficient host defense

We report here that the alternatively spliced nuclear factors associated with double-stranded RNA, NFAR-1 (90 kDa) and -2 (110 kDa), are involved in retaining cellular transcripts in intranuclear foci and can regulate the export of mRNA to the...

Authors: Pfeifer I, Elsby R, Fernandez M, Faria PA, Nussenzveig DR, Lossos IS, Fontoura BM, Martin WD, Barber...

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