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Intracellular trafficking of histone deacetylase 4 regulates neuronal cell death

Histone deacetylase 4 (HDAC4) undergoes signal-dependent shuttling between the cytoplasm and nucleus, which is regulated in part by calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase (CaMK)-mediated phosphorylation. Here, we report that HDAC4 intracellular...

Authors: Bolger TA and Yao TP

Neuronal depolarization controls brain-derived neurotrophic factor-induced upregulation of NR2C NMDA receptor via calcineurin signaling

In the developing cerebellum, switching of subunit composition of NMDA receptors occurs in granule cells from NR2B subunit-containing receptors to NR2C subunit-containing receptors. This switching of subunit composition plays an important role in the...

Authors: Suzuki K, Sato M, Morishima Y and Nakanishi S

Vesicle-mediated transport and release of CCL21 in endangered neurons: a possible explanation for microglia activation remote from a primary lesion

Whenever neurons in the CNS are injured, microglia become activated. In addition to local activation, microglia remote from the primary lesion site are stimulated. Because this so-called secondary activation of microglia is instrumental for long-term...

Authors: de Jong EK, Dijkstra IM, Hensens M, Brouwer N, van Amerongen M, Liem RS, Boddeke HW and Biber K

AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Protects Cardiomyocytes against Hypoxic Injury through Attenuation of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress

Oxygen deprivation leads to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), causing ER stress. Under conditions of ER stress, inhibition of protein synthesis and up-regulation of ER chaperone expression reduce the misfolded...

Authors: Terai K, Hiramoto Y, Masaki M, Sugiyama S, Kuroda T, Hori M, Kawase I and Hirota H

The Chemokine SDF-1/CXCL12 Binds to and Signals through the Orphan Receptor RDC1 in T Lymphocytes

Combined phylogenetic and chromosomal location studies suggest that the orphan receptor RDC1 is related to CXC chemokine receptors. RDC1 provides a co-receptor function for a restricted number of HIV isolates, in particular for the CXCR4-using HIV-2...

Authors: Balabanian K, Lagane B, Infantino S, Chow KY, Harriague J, Moepps B, Arenzana-Seisdedos F, Thelen M...

Mutation of a Single Amino Acid Residue in the Basic Region of the Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) Lytic Cycle Switch Protein Zta (BZLF1) Prevents Reactivation of EBV from Latency

Zta, the product of the BZLF1 gene carried by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), is crucial for reactivation of EBV from latency. Zta is a member of the bZIP family of transcription factors, and in common with many of these, Zta possesses a conserved cysteine...

Authors: Schelcher C, Valencia S, Delecluse HJ, Hicks M and Sinclair AJ

Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Induces the Unfolded Protein Response (UPR) in a Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS)-dependent Fashion, and the UPR Counteracts ROS Accumulation by TNF

Accumulation of unfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) causes ER overload, resulting in ER stress. To cope with ER stress, mammalian cells trigger a specific response known as the unfolded protein response (UPR). Although recent studies...

Authors: Xue X, Piao JH, Nakajima A, Sakon-Komazawa S, Kojima Y, Mori K, Yagita H, Okumura K, Harding H, and...

Active repression of IFN regulatory factor-1-mediated transactivation by IFN regulatory factor-4

IFN regulatory factor-4 (IRF-4) is a transcription factor that is involved in the development and the functions of lymphocytes, macrophages and dendritic cells. Despite their critical roles in immune system regulation, the target genes controlled by...

Authors: Yoshida K, Yamamoto K, Kohno T, Hironaka N, Yasui K, Kojima C, Mukae H, Kadota JI, Suzuki S, Honma...

Loss of bif-1 suppresses bax/bak conformational change and mitochondrial apoptosis

Bif-1, a member of the endophilin B protein family, interacts with Bax and promotes interleukin-3 withdrawal-induced Bax conformational change and apoptosis when overexpressed in FL5.12 cells. Here, we provide evidence that Bif-1 plays a regulatory...

Authors: Takahashi Y, Karbowski M, Yamaguchi H, Kazi A, Wu J, Sebti SM, Youle RJ and Wang HG

Altered Expression of Gq/11 Protein Shapes mGlu1 and mGlu5 Receptor-Mediated Single Cell Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate and Ca2+ Signaling

The metabotropic glutamate (mGlu) receptors, mGlu1 and mGlu5, mediate distinct inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and Ca(2+) signaling patterns, governed in part by differential mechanisms of feedback regulation following activation. Single cell...

Authors: Atkinson PJ, Young KW, Ennion SJ, Kew JN, Nahorski SR and Challiss RA

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