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Characterization of a nuclear export signal within the human T cell leukemia virus type I transactivator protein Tax

Human T cell leukemia virus type I (HTLV-I) is the etiologic agent of adult T cell leukemia and HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis. The HTLV-I transactivator protein Tax plays an integral role in the etiology of adult T cell...

Authors: Alefantis T, Barmak K, Harhaj E, Grant C and Wigdahl B

Characterization and analysis of the proximal Janus Kinase 3 promoter

Janus kinase 3 (Jak3) is a nonreceptor tyrosine kinase essential for signaling via cytokine receptors that comprise the common gamma-chain (gammac), i.e., the receptors for IL-2, IL-4, IL-7, IL-9, IL-15, and IL-21. Jak3 is preferentially expressed in...

Authors: Aringer M, Hofmann S, Frucht DM, Chen M, Centola M, Morinobu A, Visconti R, Kastner DL, Smolen JS...

Substitution in position 3 of cyclosporin A abolishes the cyclophilin-mediated gain-of-function mechanism but not immunosuppression

Binary complex formation between the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporin A (CsA) and cyclophilin 18 is the prerequisite for the ability of CsA to inhibit the protein phosphatase activity of calcineurin, a central mediator of antigen-receptor...

Authors: Baumgrass R, Zhang Y, Erdmann F, Thiel A, Weiwad M, Radbruch A and Fischer G

Cathepsin D triggers Bax activation, resulting in selective AIF relocation in T lymphocytes entering the early commitment phase to apoptosis

Activated human T lymphocytes exposed to apoptotic stimuli targeting mitochondria (i.e. staurosporine), enter an early, caspase-independent phase of commitment to apoptosis characterized by cell shrinkage and peripheral chromatin condensation. We...

Authors: Bidère N, Lorenzo HK, Carmona S, Laforge M, Harper F, Dumont C and Senik A

The human fascin gene promoter is highly active in mature dendritic cells due to a stage-specific enhancer

Dendritic cells (DC), regarded as the most efficient APCs of the immune system, are capable of activating naive T cells. Thus, DC are primary targets in immunotherapy. However, little is known about gene regulation in DC, and for efficient...

Authors: Bros M, Ross XL, Pautz A, Reske-Kunz AB and Ross R

Chemokine stimulation of human periphereal blood T lymphocytes induces rapid dephosphorylation of ERMs which facilitates loss of microvilli and polarization

Lymphocyte microvilli mediate initial rolling-adhesion along endothelium but are lost during transmigration from circulation to tissue. However, the mechanism for resorption of lymphocyte microvilli remains unexplored. We show that chemokine...

Authors: Brown MJ, Nijhara R, Hallam JA, Gignac M, Yamada KM, Erlandsen SL, Delon J, Kruhlak M and Shaw S

High-resolution multicolor imaging of dynamic signaling complexes in T cells stimulated by planar substrates

The dynamic visualization of developing immunological synapses has been hindered by the difficulty of imaging the contact between the T cell and the antigen-presenting cell (APC). Here, we describe a technique in which T cell responses are...

Authors: Bunnell SC, Barr VA, Fuller CL and Samelson LE

T cell receptor ligation induces the formation of dynamically regulated signaling assemblies.

Tcell antigen receptor (TCR) ligation initiates tyrosine kinase activation, signaling complex assembly, and immune synapse formation. Here, we studied the kinetics and mechanics of signaling complex formation in live Jurkat leukemic T cells using...

Authors: Bunnell SC, Hong DI, Kardon JR, Yamazaki T, McGlade CJ, Barr VA and Samelson LE

Determinants of Notch-3 receptor expression and signaling in vascular smooth muscle cells. Implications in cell-cycle regulation

The Notch family of receptors and ligands plays an important role in cell fate determination, vasculogenesis, and organogenesis. Mutations of the Notch-3 receptor result in an arteriopathy that predisposes to early-onset stroke. However, the...

Authors: Campos AH, Wang W, Pollmann MJ and Gibbons GH

HSP27 inhibits release of mitochondrial protein Smac in multiple myeloma cells and confers dexamethasone resistance

Smac, second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases, promotes apoptosis via activation of caspases. Heat shock protein 27 (Hsp27) negatively regulates another mitochondrial protein, cytochrome c, during apoptosis; however, the role of Hsp27 in...

Authors: Chauhan D, Li G, Hideshima T, Podar K, Mitsiades C, Midsiades N, Catley L, Tai YT, Hayashi T,...

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