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Microbial Products Stimulate Human Toll-like Receptor 2 Expression through Histone Modification Surrounding a Proximal NF-B-binding Site

Previous studies have yielded conflicting results regarding the ability of microbial products to activate TLR2 gene expression in human monocytes. In this study, we found that TLR2 mRNA was rapidly up-regulated in human monocytes treated with TLR2...

Authors: Johnson CM, Tapping RI

Attenuation and efficacy of human parainfluenza virus type 1 (HPIV1) vaccine candidates containing stabilized mutations in the P/C and L genes

BACKGROUND: Two recombinant, live attenuated human parainfluenza virus type 1 (rHPIV1) mutant viruses have been developed, using a reverse genetics system, for evaluation as potential intranasal vaccine candidates. These rHPIV1 vaccine candidates...

Authors: Bartlett EJ, Castano A, Surman SR, Collins PL, Skiadopoulos MH, Murphy BR

Interaction between Transmembrane TNF and TNFR1/2 Mediates the Activation of Monocytes by Contact with T Cells

Monocytes and monocytic cells produce proinflammatory cytokines upon direct cell contact with activated T cells. In the autoimmune disease rheumatoid arthritis, the pivotal role of TNF-alpha implies that the interaction between transmembrane...

Authors: Rossol M, Meusch U, Pierer M, Kaltenhäuser S, Häntzschel H, Hauschildt S, Wagner U

SST Peer Reviewed

A biochemical signature for rapid recall of memory CD4 T cells

Mechanisms for the rapid recall response mediated by memory T cells remain unknown. In this study, we present a novel, multiparameter analysis of TCR-coupled signaling and function in resting and activated naive and memory CD4 T cells, revealing a...

Authors: Chandok MR, Okoye FI, Ndejembi MP, Farber DL

Retrograde Fluxes of Focal Adhesion Proteins in Response to Cell Migration and Mechanical Signals

Recent studies suggest that mechanical signals mediated by the extracellular matrix play an essential role in various physiological and pathological processes, yet how cells respond to mechanical stimuli remains elusive. Using live cell fluorescence...

Authors: Guo WH, Wang YL

CD45RB Ligation Inhibits Allergic Pulmonary Inflammation by Inducing CTLA4 Transcription

CD45, a type I transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase expressed on nucleated hemopoietic cells, is prominently involved in T cell activation. Ligation of CD45RB isoforms has been associated with transplant tolerance. A recent genotyping analysis...

Authors: Jen KY, Campo M, He H, Makani SS, Velasco G, Rothstein DM, Perkins DL, Finn PW

Zap70 signaling pathway mediates glucocorticoid receptor-dependent transcriptional activation: role in the regulation of annexin 1 expression in T cells

We have recently shown that Zap70 is important in retinoid receptor-dependent transactivation in T lymphocytes. We report that Zap70 signaling is also essential in dexamethasone-inducible glucocorticoid receptor (GR)-mediated transactivation in T...

Authors: Ishaq M, Degray G, Mou K, Aguilera A, Yang J, Lempicki RA, Hazen A, Natarajan V

A novel role for the nuclear membrane protein emerin in association of the centrosome to the outer nuclear membrane

The type II inner nuclear membrane protein emerin is a component of the LINC complex that connects the nuclear lamina to the actin cytoskeleton. In emerin-null or -deficient human dermal fibroblasts we find that the centrosome is detached from the...

Authors: Salpingidou G, Smertenko A, Hausmanowa-Petrucewicz I, Hussey PJ, Hutchison CJ

Increased levels of transforming growth factor beta receptor type I and up-regulation of matrix gene program: A model of scleroderma

OBJECTIVE: Previously published studies have demonstrated that a majority of systemic sclerosis (SSc) fibroblasts exhibit elevated levels of transforming growth factor beta type I receptor (TGFbetaRI). An experimental model that recapitulates this...

Authors: Pannu J, Gardner H, Shearstone JR, Smith E, Trojanowska M

Old World Arenavirus Infection Interferes with the Expression of Functional alpha-Dystroglycan in the Host Cell

alpha-Dystroglycan (alpha-DG) is an important cellular receptor for extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins as well as the Old World arenaviruses lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) and the human pathogenic Lassa fever virus (LFV). Specific...

Authors: Rojek JM, Campbell KP, Oldstone MB, Kunz S

SST Peer Reviewed

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