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Alpha-2C-adrenergic receptors exhibit enhanced surface expression and signaling upon association with beta-2-adrenergic receptors

The alpha(2C)-adrenergic receptor (alpha(2C)AR) is known to be poorly trafficked to the cell surface when expressed in a variety of cell types. We tested the hypothesis that the surface expression and signaling of alpha(2C)AR might be enhanced by...

Authors: Prinster SC, Holmqvist TG, Hall RA

Direct involvement of the small GTPase Rac in activation of the superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1

Activation of the non-phagocytic superoxide-producing NADPH oxidase Nox1, complexed with p22phox at the membrane, requires its regulatory soluble proteins Noxo1 and Noxa1. However the role of the small GTPase Rac remained to be clarified. Here we...

Authors: Miyano K, Ueno N, Takeya R, Sumimoto H

Endogenous alpha-synuclein is induced by valproic acid through histone deacetylase inhibition and participates in neuroprotection against glutamate-induced excitotoxicity

Emerging evidence suggests that alpha-synuclein (alpha-syn), which is traditionally thought to have a pathophysiological role in neurodegenerative diseases, can have neuroprotective effects. This study aimed to investigate whether endogenous...

Authors: Leng Y, Chuang DM

Autophagy is involved in T cell death after binding of HIV-1 envelope proteins to CXCR4

HIV-1 envelope glycoproteins (Env), expressed at the cell surface, induce apoptosis of uninfected CD4(+) T cells, contributing to the development of AIDS. Here we demonstrate that, independently of HIV replication, transfected or HIV-infected cells...

Authors: Espert L, Denizot M, Grimaldi M, Robert-Hebmann V, Gay B, Varbanov M, Codogno P, Biard-Piechaczyk M

Expression and functional state of the corticosteroid receptors and 11 beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 2 in Schwann cells

To investigate the role of steroid receptors in mediating the reported effects of steroids on Schwann cell (SC) myelination and growth, we determined mRNA contents and transcriptional activities of the corticosteroid (glucocorticosteroid and...

Authors: Groyer G, Eychenne B, Girard C, Rajkowski K, Schumacher M, Cadepond F

c-Abl Expression in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells: Clinical and Therapeutic Implications

c-Abl is important for normal B-cell development, but little is known about the function of this nonreceptor tyrosine kinase in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the clinical, therapeutic, and...

Authors: Lin K, Glenn MA, Harris RJ, Duckworth AD, Dennett S, Cawley JC, Zuzel M, Slupsky JR

Phosphoinositide-mediated adaptor recruitment controls Toll-like receptor signaling

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) play a critical role in the immune system as sensors of microbial infection. Signaling downstream from TLRs is initiated by the recruitment of adaptor proteins, including MyD88 and TIRAP. These adaptors play essential roles...

Authors: Kagan JC, Medzhitov R

Regulation of neuronal morphology by toca-1, an F-BAR/EFC protein that induces plasma membrane invagination

Actin reorganization is important for regulation of neuronal morphology. Neural Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein (N-WASP) is an important regulator of actin polymerization and also known to be strongly expressed in brain. Recently, Toca-1 (transducer...

Authors: Kakimoto T, Katoh H, Negishi M

Phosphatidylinositol-3 phosphatase myotubularin-related protein 6 negatively regulates CD4 T cells

Intracellular Ca(2+) levels rapidly rise following cross-linking of the T-cell receptor (TCR) and function as a critical intracellular second messenger in T-cell activation. It has been relatively under appreciated that K(+) channels play an...

Authors: Srivastava S, Ko K, Choudhury P, Li Z, Johnson AK, Nadkarni V, Unutmaz D, Coetzee WA, Skolnik EY

Hematopoiesis controlled by distinct TIF1gamma and Smad4 branches of the TGFbeta pathway

Tissue homeostasis in mammals relies on powerful cytostatic and differentiation signals delivered by the cytokine TGFbeta and relayed within the cell via the activation of Smad transcription factors. Formation of transcription regulatory complexes by...

Authors: He W, Dorn DC, Erdjument-Bromage H, Tempst P, Moore MA, Massague J

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