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Endothelial Differentiation of Amniotic Fluid–Derived Stem Cells: Synergism of Biochemical and Shear Force Stimuli

Human amniotic fluid-derived stem (AFS) cells possess several advantages over embryonic and adult stem cells, as evidenced by expression of both types of stem cell markers and ability to differentiate into cells of all three germ layers. Herein, we...

Authors: Ping Zhang, Jason Baxter, Kateki Vinod, Thomas N. Tulenko, and Paul J. Di Muzio

Vitronectin expression in the airways of subjects with asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

Vitronectin, a multifunctional glycoprotein, is involved in coagulation, inhibition of the formation of the membrane attack complex (MAC), cell adhesion and migration, wound healing, and tissue remodeling. The primary cellular source of vitronectin...

Authors: Salazar-Peláez LM, Abraham T, Herrera AM, Correa MA, Ortega JE, Paré PD, Seow CY

Dendritic cell SIRT1–HIF1a axis programs the differentiation of CD4+ T cells through IL-12 and TGF-ß1

The differentiation of naive CD4(+) T cells into distinct lineages plays critical roles in mediating adaptive immunity or maintaining immune tolerance. In addition to being a first line of defense, the innate immune system also actively instructs...

Authors: Liu G1, Bi Y2, Xue L3, Zhang Y4, Yang H4, Chen X4, Lu Y4, Zhang Z4, Liu H4, Wang X4, Wang R5, Chu...

High basal expression of interferon-stimulated genes in human bronchial epithelial (BEAS-2B) cells contributes to influenza A virus resistance

Respiratory epithelial cells play a key role in influenza A virus (IAV) pathogenesis and host innate response. Transformed human respiratory cell lines are widely used in the study of IAV-host interactions due to their relative convenience, and...

Authors: Seng LG, Daly J, Chang KC, Kuchipudi SV

Type 1 Diabetes Prone NOD Mice Have Diminished Cxcr1 mRNA Expression in Polymorphonuclear Neutrophils and CD4+ T Lymphocytes

In humans, CXCR1 and CXCR2 are two homologous proteins that bind ELR+ chemokines. Both receptors play fundamental roles in neutrophil functions such as migration and reactive oxygen species production. Mouse Cxcr1 and Cxcr2 genes are located in an...

Authors: Karine Haurogné, Marija Pavlovic, Hélène Rogniaux, Jean-Marie Bach, Blandine Lieubeau

BMP-2 induces a profibrotic phenotype in adult renal progenitor cells through Nox4 activation.

Adult renal progenitor cells (ARPCs) isolated from the human kidney may contribute to repair featuring acute kidney injury (AKI). Bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) regulate differentiation, modeling, and regeneration processes in several tissues....

Authors: Simone S, Cosola C, Loverre A, Cariello M, Sallustio F, Rascio F, Gesualdo L, Schena FP, Grandaliano...

RIG-I contributes to the innate immune response after cerebral ischemia

BACKGROUND: Focal cerebral ischemia induces an inflammatory response that when exacerbated contributes to deleterious outcomes. The molecular basis regarding the regulation of the innate immune response after focal cerebral ischemia remains poorly...

Authors: Brand FJ 3rd, de Rivero Vaccari JC, Mejias NH, Alonso OF, de Rivero Vaccari JP.

Unravelling the multiple functions of the architecturally intricate Streptococcus pneumoniae ß-galactosidase, BgaA

Bacterial cell-surface proteins play integral roles in host-pathogen interactions. These proteins are often architecturally and functionally sophisticated and yet few studies of such proteins involved in host-pathogen interactions have defined the...

Authors: Singh AK, Pluvinage B, Higgins MA, Dalia AB, Woodiga SA, Flynn M, Lloyd AR, Weiser JN, Stubbs KA,...

Effects of Parathyroid Hormone-Related Peptide on the Large Conductance Calcium-Activated Potassium Channel and Calcium Homeostasis in Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells

AIM: To demonstrate the impact of the parathyroid hormone-related peptide (PTHrP) on the large conductance calcium-activated potassium (BKCa) channels in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) and hyperpolarization of the cell membrane and its...

Authors: Kamil Mehmet Burgazli, Nikolaus Foerster, Meric Mericliler, Ritvan Chasan, Mariana Parahuleva, Ali...

Reticulon 4B (Nogo-B) facilitates hepatocyte proliferation and liver regeneration in mice.

Nogo-B, also known as reticulon 4B, promotes liver fibrosis and cirrhosis by facilitating the transforming growth factor ß (TGF-ß) signaling pathway in activated hepatic stellate cells. The aim of this study was to determine the role of Nogo-B in...

Authors: Gao L, Utsumi T, Tashiro K, Liu B, Zhang D, Swenson ES, Iwakiri Y.

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