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A change in the selective translocation of the Kinesin-1 motor domain marks the initial specification of the axon

We used the accumulation of constitutively active kinesin motor domains as a measure of where kinesins translocate in developing neurons. Throughout development, truncated Kinesin-3 accumulates at the tips of all neurites. In contrast, Kinesin-1...

Authors: Jacobson C, Schnapp B, Banker GA

A preformed complex of postsynaptic proteins is involved in excitatory synapse development

Nonsynaptic clusters of postsynaptic proteins have been documented; however, their role remains elusive. We monitored the trafficking of several candidate proteins implicated in synaptogenesis, when nonsynaptic clusters of scaffold proteins are most...

Authors: Gerrow K, Romorini S, Nabi SM, Colicos MA, Sala C, El-Husseini A

Genetic elimination of Suppressor of fused reveals an essential repressor function in the mammalian Hedgehog signaling pathway

The Hedgehog (Hh) pathway plays important roles during embryogenesis and carcinogenesis. Here, we show that ablation of the mouse Suppressor of fused (Sufu), an intracellular pathway component, leads to embryonic lethality at approximately E9.5 with...

Authors: Svard J, Heby-Henricson K, Persson-Lek M, Rozell B, Lauth M, Bergstrom A, Ericson J, Toftgard R,...

Rationally targeted, conformationally constrained, oxetane-modified oligonucleotides demonstrate efficient gene-silencing activity in a cellular system

Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (AS ODN) have been employed as gene-silencing agents in the laboratory and, in the clinic. The in vivo use of these molecules has been facilitated by chemical modifications to the DNA backbone which augment their...

Authors: Opalinska JB, Gewirtz AM

cAMP-dependent phosphorylation of PTB1 promotes the expression of insulin secretory granule proteins in beta cells

Glucose stimulates the exocytosis of insulin secretory granules of pancreatic beta cells. Granule stores are quickly refilled by activation of posttranscriptional mechanisms that enhance the biosynthesis of granule components. Rapid replacement of...

Authors: Knoch KP, Meisterfeld R, Kersting S, Bergert H, Altkruger A, Wegbrod C, Jager M, Saeger HD, Solimena...

The physiological function of von Willebrand's factor depends on its tubular storage in endothelial Weibel-Palade bodies

Weibel-Palade bodies are the 1-5 microm long rod-shaped storage organelles of endothelial cells. We have investigated the determinants and functional significance of this shape. We find that the folding of the hemostatic protein von Willebrand's...

Authors: Michaux G, Abbitt KB, Collinson LM, Haberichter SL, Norman KE, Cutler DF

Gene delivery to embryonic stem cells

Since the establishment of embryonic stem (ES) cells and the identification of tissue-specific stem cells, researchers have made great strides in the analysis of the natural biology of such stem cells for the development of therapeutic applications....

Authors: Kobayashi N, Rivas-Carrillo JD, Soto-Gutierrez A, Fukazawa T, Chen Y, Navarro-Alvarez N, Tanaka N

Role of the cellular protein hDaxx in human cytomegalovirus immediate-early gene expression

Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immediate-early (IE) transcription is stimulated by virion phosphoprotein pp71, the product of gene UL82. It has previously been shown that pp71 interacts with the cellular protein hDaxx and, in the studies presented...

Authors: Preston CM, Nicholl MJ

ERK-MAPK signaling opposes Rho-kinase to promote endothelial cell survival and sprouting during angiogenesis

Inhibition of ERK-MAPK signaling by expression of dominant-negative MEK1 in the tumor vasculature suppresses angiogenesis and tumor growth. In an organotypic tissue culture angiogenesis assay, ERK-MAPK inhibition during the migratory phase results in...

Authors: Mavria G, Vercoulen Y, Yeo M, Paterson H, Karasarides M, Marais R, Bird D, Marshall CJ

Nucleofection of primary neurons

Efficient gene transfer is an important tool for the study of neuronal function and biology. This has proved difficult and inefficient with traditional transfection strategies, which can also be fairly toxic, whereas viral-mediated gene transfer,...

Authors: Gartner A, Collin L, Lalli G

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