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REV3 and REV1 play major roles in recombination-independent repair of DNA interstrand cross-links mediated by monoubiquitinated PCNA

DNA interstrand cross-links (ICLs) are the most cytotoxic lesions to eukaryotic genome and are repaired by both homologous recombination-dependent and -independent mechanisms. To better understand the role of lesion bypass polymerases in ICL repair,...

Authors: Shen X, Jun S, O'neal LE, Sonoda E, Bemark M, Sale JE, Li L

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 is dispensable for normal centrosome duplication but required for oncogene-induced centrosome overduplication

Cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK2) has been proposed to function as a master regulator of centrosome duplication. Using mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) in which Cdk2 has been genetically deleted, we show here that CDK2 is not required for normal...

Authors: Duensing A, Liu Y, Tseng M, Malumbres M, Barbacid M, Duensing S

Functions of ERp57 in the folding and assembly of MHC Class I molecules

ERp57 is a thiol oxidoreductase of the endoplasmic reticulum that appears to be recruited to substrates indirectly through its association with the molecular chaperones calnexin and calreticulin. However, its functions in living cells have been...

Authors: Zhang Y, Baig E, Williams DB

Calcium-dependent interaction of Lis1 with IQGAP1 and Cdc42 promotes neuronal motility

Lis1 gene defects impair neuronal migration, causing the severe human brain malformation lissencephaly. Although much is known about its interactions with microtubules, microtubule-binding proteins such as CLIP-170, and with the dynein motor complex,...

Authors: Kholmanskikh SS, Koeller HB, Wynshaw-Boris A, Gomez T, Letourneau PC, Ross ME

Triptolide induces caspase-dependent cell death mediated via the mitochondrial pathway in leukemic cells

Triptolide, a diterpenoid isolated from the Chinese herb Tripterygium wilfordii Hook.f, has shown anti-tumor activities in a broad range of solid tumors. Here we examined its effects on leukemic cells and found that, at 100

Authors: Carter BZ, Mak DH, Schober WD, McQueen T, Harris D, Estrov Z, Evans RL, Andreeff M

CpG-induced tyrosine phosphorylation occurs via a TLR9-independent mechanism and is required for cytokine secretion

Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize molecular patterns preferentially expressed by pathogens. In endosomes, TLR9 is activated by unmethylated bacterial DNA, resulting in proinflammatory cytokine secretion via the adaptor protein MyD88. We...

Authors: Sanjuan MA, Rao N, Lai KT, Gu Y, Sun S, Fuchs A, Fung-Leung WP, Colonna M, Karlsson L

B7-H4 expression identifies a novel suppressive macrophage population in human ovarian carcinoma

Tumor-associated macrophages are a prominent component of ovarian cancer stroma and contribute to tumor progression. B7-H4 is a recently identified B7 family molecule. We show that primary ovarian tumor cells express intracellular B7-H4, whereas a...

Authors: Kryczek I, Zou L, Rodriguez P, Zhu G, Wei S, Mottram P, Brumlik M, Cheng P, Curiel T, Myers L,...

Inhibition of mitogen-activated protein kinase signalling by Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin causes destabilization of interleukin-8 mRNA

Bacillus anthracis must overcome host innate immune defences to establish a systemic anthrax infection. This is facilitated in part by lethal toxin (LT), a secreted virulence factor that consists of a cell-binding moiety, protective antigen (PA), and...

Authors: Batty S, Chow EM, Kassam A, Der SD, Mogridge J

Degradation of cyclin D3 independent of Thr-283 phosphorylation

Cyclin D3 has been shown to play a major role in the regulation of cell cycle progression in lymphocytes. It is therefore important to understand the mechanisms involved in the regulation of this protein. We have previously shown that both basal and...

Authors: Lahne HU, Kloster MM, Lefdal S, Blomhoff HK, Naderi S

Formation of a WIP-, WASp-, actin-, and myosin IIA-containing multiprotein complex in activated NK cells and its alteration by KIR inhibitory signaling

The tumor natural killer (NK) cell line YTS was used to examine the cytoskeletal rearrangements required for cytolysis. A multiprotein complex weighing approximately 1.3 mD and consisting of WASp-interacting protein (WIP), Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome...

Authors: Krzewski K, Chen X, Orange JS, Strominger JL

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