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Prostaglandin E2 promotes Th1 differentiation via synergistic amplification of IL-12 signalling by cAMP and PI3-kinase.

T helper 1 (Th1) cells have critical roles in various autoimmune and proinflammatory diseases. cAMP has long been believed to act as a suppressor of IFN-? production and Th1 cell-mediated immune inflammation. Here we show that cAMP actively promotes...

Authors: Yao C1, Hirata T, Soontrapa K, Ma X, Takemori H, Narumiya S.

SST Peer Reviewed

Mechanisms of palmitate-induced cell death in human osteoblasts.

Lipotoxicity is an overload of lipids in non-adipose tissues that affects function and induces cell death. Lipotoxicity has been demonstrated in bone cells in vitro using osteoblasts and adipocytes in coculture. In this condition, lipotoxicity was...

Authors: Gunaratnam K1, Vidal C, Boadle R, Thekkedam C, Duque G

Expression of GD2 and GD3 gangliosides in human embryonic neural stem cells

NSCs (neural stem cells) are undifferentiated neural cells endowed with a high potential for proliferation and a capacity for self-renewal with retention of multipotency to differentiate into neurons and glial cells. It has been recently reported...

Authors: Yanagisawa M, Yoshimura S, Yu RK

SST Peer Reviewed

Analysis of off-target effects of CRISPR/Cas-derived RNA-guided endonucleases and nickases

RNA-guided endonucleases (RGENs), derived from the prokaryotic adaptive immune system known as CRISPR/Cas, enable targeted genome engineering in cells and organisms. RGENs are ribonucleoproteins that consist of guide RNA and Cas9, a protein component...

Authors: Cho SW, Kim S, Kim Y, Kweon J, Kim HS, Bae S, Kim JS

A diarylheptanoid phytoestrogen from Curcuma comosa, 1,7-diphenyl-4,6-heptadien-3-ol, accelerates human osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.

Curcuma comosa Roxb. is ginger-family plant used to relieve menopausal symptoms. Previous work showed that C. comosa extracts protect mice from ovariectomy-induced osteopenia with minimal effects on reproductive organs, and identified the...

Authors: Tantikanlayaporn D1, Robinson LJ, Suksamrarn A, Piyachaturawat P, Blair HC

Human neurospheres as three-dimensional cellular systems for developmental neurotoxicity testing

BACKGROUND: Developmental neurotoxicity (DNT) of environmental chemicals is a serious threat to human health. Current DNT testing guidelines propose investigations in rodents, which require large numbers of animals. With regard to the "3 Rs"...

Authors: Moors M, Rockel TD, Abel J, Cline JE, Gassmann K, Schreiber T, Schuwald J, Weinmann N, Fritsche E.

SST Peer Reviewed

Specific growth suppression of human cancer cells by targeted delivery of Dictyostelium mitochondrial ribosomal protein S4

BACKGROUND: In general, growth and differentiation are mutually exclusive but are cooperatively regulated throughout development. Thus, the process of a cell's switching from growth to differentiation is of great importance not only for the...

Authors: Chida J, Araki H, Maeda Y

Recruitment of folliculin to lysosomes supports the amino acid–dependent activation of Rag GTPases

Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome, a human disease characterized by fibrofolliculomas (hair follicle tumors) as well as a strong predisposition toward the development of pneumothorax, pulmonary cysts, and renal carcinoma, arises from loss-of-function mutations...

Authors: Constance S. Petit, Agnes Roczniak-Ferguson, and Shawn M. Ferguson

SST Peer Reviewed

MicroRNA-mediated multi-tissue detargeting of oncolytic measles virus.

Precise oncotropism is required for successful systemic administration of next-generation oncolytic measles viruses (MVs). We have previously established a system for efficient post-entry targeting by insertion of synthetic microRNA target sites...

Authors: Baertsch M1, Leber MF, Bossow S, Singh M, Engeland CE, Albert J, Grossardt C, Jäger D, von Kalle C,...

Polychlorinated biphenyls disturb differentiation of normal human neural progenitor cells: clue for involvement of thyroid hormone receptors

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are ubiquitous environmental chemicals that accumulate in adipose tissues over the food chain. Epidemiologic studies have indicated that PCBs influence brain development. Children who are exposed to PCBs during...

Authors: Fritsche E, Cline JE, Nguyen NH, Scanlan TS, Abel J.

SST Peer Reviewed

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Prostaglandin E2 promotes Th1 differentiation via synergistic amplification of IL-12 signalling by cAMP and PI3-kinase.

Mechanisms of palmitate-induced cell death in human osteoblasts.

Expression of GD2 and GD3 gangliosides in human embryonic neural stem cells

Analysis of off-target effects of CRISPR/Cas-derived RNA-guided endonucleases and nickases

A diarylheptanoid phytoestrogen from Curcuma comosa, 1,7-diphenyl-4,6-heptadien-3-ol, accelerates human osteoblast proliferation and differentiation.

Human neurospheres as three-dimensional cellular systems for developmental neurotoxicity testing

Specific growth suppression of human cancer cells by targeted delivery of Dictyostelium mitochondrial ribosomal protein S4

Recruitment of folliculin to lysosomes supports the amino acid–dependent activation of Rag GTPases

MicroRNA-mediated multi-tissue detargeting of oncolytic measles virus.

Polychlorinated biphenyls disturb differentiation of normal human neural progenitor cells: clue for involvement of thyroid hormone receptors