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Signaling mechanism of HIV-1 gp120 and virion-induced IL-1beta release in primary human macrophages

HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp120 induces, independently of infection, the release of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1beta from macrophages, that are implicated in the pathogenesis of HIV-associated dementia. However, the signal transduction...

Authors: Cheung R, Ravyn V, Wang L, Ptasznik A, Collman RG

IL-10 inhibits cysteinyl leukotriene-induced activation of human monocytes and monocyte-derived dendritic cells

The immunoregulatory cytokine IL-10 plays an essential role in down-modulating adaptive and innate immune responses leading to chronic inflammatory diseases. In contrast, cysteinyl leukotrienes (cysLTs), important proinflammatory mediators of cell...

Authors: Woszczek G, Chen LY, Nagineni S, Shelhamer JH

Actin-binding protein 1 regulates B cell receptor-mediated antigen processing and presentation in response to B cell receptor activation

The BCR serves as both signal transducer and Ag transporter. Binding of Ags to the BCR induces signaling cascades and Ag processing and presentation, two essential cellular events for B cell activation. BCR-initiated signaling increases BCR-mediated...

Authors: Onabajo OO, Seeley MK, Kale A, Qualmann B, Kessels M, Han J, Tan TH, Song W

ATP modulation of Ca2+ release by type-2 and type-3 InsP3R: Differing ATP sensitivities and molecular determinants of action

ATP enhances Ca2+ release from inositol (1,4,5)-trisphosphate receptors (InsP3R). However, the three isoforms of InsP3R are reported to respond to ATP with differing sensitivities. Ca2+ release through InsP3R1 is positively regulated at lower ATP...

Authors: Betzenhauser MJ, Wagner LE 2nd, Iwai M, Michikawa T, Mikoshiba K, Yule DI

The chemokine receptor CXCR3 is degraded following internalization and is replenished at the cell surface by de novo synthesis of receptor

The chemokine receptor CXCR3 is expressed on the surface of both resting and activated T lymphocytes. We describe in this study the endocytosis of CXCR3 using T lymphocytes and CXCR3 transfectants. Chemokine-induced CXCR3 down-regulation occurred in...

Authors: Meiser A, Mueller A, Wise EL, McDonagh EM, Petit SJ, Saran N, Clark PC, Williams TJ, Pease JE

CEACAM1 dynamics during neisseria gonorrhoeae suppression of CD4+ T lymphocyte activation

Neisseria gonorrhoeae colony opacity-associated (Opa) proteins bind to human carcinoembryonic antigen cellular adhesion molecules (CEACAM) found on host cells including T lymphocytes. Opa binding to CEACAM1 suppresses the activation of CD4(+) T cells...

Authors: Lee HS, Ostrowski MA, Gray-Owen SD

Identification of innate immunity genes and pathways using a comparative genomics approach

To reveal regulators of innate immunity, we used RNAi assays to monitor the immune response when genes are inhibited in Caenorhabditis elegans and mouse macrophages. Genes that altered innate immune responsiveness in C. elegans were validated in...

Authors: Alper S, Laws R, Lackford B, Boyd WA, Dunlap P, Freedman JH, Schwartz DA

The ubiquitin-like protein Plic-1 enhances the membrane insertion of GABAA receptors by increasing their stability within the endoplasmic reticulum

G -aminobutyric acid receptors (GABAAR) are the major sites of fast inhibitory neurotransmission in the brain, and a critical determinant for the efficacy of neuronal inhibition is the number of these receptors that are expressed on the neuronal cell...

Authors: Saliba RS, Pangalos M, Moss SJ

TGF-beta 1 induces heparan sulfate 6-O-endosulfatase 1 expression in vitro and in vivo

Transforming growth factor (TGF)-ss1 plays an important role in the development of pulmonary fibrosis. In this study we examined the relationship between TGF-ss1 stimulation and the expression of heparan sulfate (HS) 6-O-endosulfatase 1 (Sulf1) in...

Authors: Yue X, Li X, Nguyen HT, Chin DR, Sullivan DE, Lasky JA

RSV-induces RelA release from cytoplasmic 100 kDa NF-kappa B2 complexes via a novel retinoic acid inducible gene-I-NF-kappa B inducing kinase (NIK) signaling pathway

Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) is a primary cause of severe lower respiratory tract infection in children worldwide. RSV infects airway epithelial cells, where it activates inflammatory genes via the NF-B pathway. NF-B is controlled by two...

Authors: Liu P, Li K, Garofalo RP, Brasier AR

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