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Impaired T Cell Protein Kinase C{delta} Activation Decreases ERK Pathway Signaling in Idiopathic and Hydralazine-Induced Lupus

T cells from patients with lupus or treated with the lupus-inducing drug hydralazine have defective ERK phosphorylation. The reason for the impaired signal transduction is unknown but important to elucidate, because decreased T cell ERK pathway...

Authors: Gorelik G, Fang JY, Wu A, Sawalha AH, Richardson B

Plasmodium berghei: plasmodium perforin-like protein 5 is required for mosquito midgut invasion in Anopheles stephensi

During its life cycle the malarial parasite Plasmodium forms three invasive stages which have to invade different and specific cells for replication to ensue. Invasion is vital to parasite survival and consequently proteins responsible for invasion...

Authors: Ecker A, Pinto SB, Baker KW, Kafatos FC, Sinden RE

The Double-Stranded RNA-Activated Protein Kinase Mediates Radiation Resistance in Mouse Embryo Fibroblasts through Nuclear Factor B and Akt Activation

PURPOSE: Activation of the double-stranded RNA-activated protein kinase (PKR) leads to the induction of various pathways including the down-regulation of translation through phosphorylation of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2alpha...

Authors: von Holzen U, Pataer A, Raju U, Bocangel D, Vorburger SA, Liu Y, Lu X, Roth JA, Aggarwal BB, Barber...

Inactivation of HOXA Genes by Hypermethylation in Myeloid and Lymphoid Malignancy is Frequent and Associated with Poor Prognosis

PURPOSE: The HOX genes comprise a large family of homeodomain-containing transcription factors, present in four separate clusters, which are key regulators of embryonic development, hematopoietic differentiation, and leukemogenesis. We aimed to study...

Authors: Strathdee G, Holyoake TL, Sim A, Parker A, Oscier DG, Melo JV, Meyer S, Eden T, Dickinson AM,...

Prevention of LPS-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Mice by Mesenchymal Stem Cells Overexpressing Angiopoietin 1

BACKGROUND: The acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), a clinical complication of severe acute lung injury (ALI) in humans, is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in critically ill patients. ALI is characterized by disruption of the lung...

Authors: Mei SH, McCarter SD, Deng Y, Parker CH, Liles WC, Stewart DJ

Cdc42-interacting protein 4 functionally links actin and microtubule networks at the cytolytic NK cell immunological synapse

An essential function of the immunological synapse (IS) is directed secretion. NK cells are especially adept at this activity, as they direct lytic granules to the synapse for secretion, which enables cytotoxicity and facilitates host defense. This...

Authors: Banerjee PP, Pandey R, Zheng R, Suhoski MM, Monaco-Shawver L, Orange JS

Wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein is a key regulator of the phagocytic cup formation in macrophages

Phagocytosis is a vital first-line host defense mechanism against infection, involving the ingestion and digestion of foreign materials such as bacteria by specialized cells, phagocytes. In order for phagocytes to ingest the foreign materials, they...

Authors: Tsuboi S, Meerloo J

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 and Dysregulated c-Myc Cooperatively Induce Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Metabolic Switches Hexokinase 2 and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 1

Hypoxia is a pervasive microenvironmental factor that affects normal development as well as tumor progression. In most normal cells, hypoxia stabilizes hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs), particularly HIF-1, which activates genes involved...

Authors: Kim JW, Gao P, Liu YC, Semenza GL, Dang CV

Multiple Myeloma Cell Killing by Depletion of the MET Receptor Tyrosine Kinase

Multiple myeloma (MM) is an invariably fatal plasma cell malignancy, primarily due to the therapeutic resistance which ultimately arises. Much of the resistance results from the expression of various survival factors. Despite this, the ribonucleoside...

Authors: Stellrecht CM, Phillip CJ, Cervantes-Gomez F, Gandhi V

Reduced inflammation in the tumor microenvironment delays the accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells and limits tumor progression

Chronic inflammation is frequently associated with malignant growth and is thought to promote and enhance tumor progression, although the mechanisms which regulate this relationship remain elusive. We reported previously that interleukin (IL)-1beta...

Authors: Bunt SK, Yang L, Sinha P, Clements VK, Leips J, Ostrand-Rosenberg S

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