Search Results

Adenoviral vector driven by a minimal Rad51 promoter is selective for p53-deficient tumor cells.

BACKGROUND: The full length Rad51 promoter is highly active in cancer cells but not in normal cells. We therefore set out to assess whether we could confer this tumor-selectivity to an adenovirus vector. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Expression of...

Authors: Fong V, Osterbur M, Capella C, Kim YE, Hine C, Gorbunova V, Seluanov A, Dewhurst S

Attenuation of HIV-associated human B cell exhaustion by siRNA downregulation of inhibitory receptors.

Chronic immune activation in HIV-infected individuals leads to accumulation of exhausted tissue-like memory B cells. Exhausted lymphocytes display increased expression of multiple inhibitory receptors, which may contribute to the inefficiency of...

Authors: Kardava L, Moir S, Wang W, Ho J, Buckner CM, Posada JG, O\'Shea MA, Roby G, Chen J, Sohn HW, Chun...

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Aldose reductase inhibition prevents metaplasia of airway epithelial cells.

BACKGROUND: Goblet cell metaplasia that causes mucus hypersecretion and obstruction in the airway lumen could be life threatening in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients. Inflammatory cytokines such as IL-13 mediate the...

Authors: Yadav UC, Aguilera-Aguirre L, Ramana KV, Boldogh I, Srivastava SK

Phosphorylation and activation of cell division cycle associated 5 by mitogen-activated protein kinase play a crucial role in human lung carcinogenesis.

We analyzed the gene expression profiles of clinical lung carcinomas using a cDNA microarray containing 27,648 genes or expressed sequence tags, and identified CDCA5 (cell division cycle associated 5) to be upregulated in the majority of lung...

Authors: Nguyen MH, Koinuma J, Ueda K, Ito T, Tsuchiya E, Nakamura Y, Daigo Y.

Induction of human ß-defensin-2 in pulmonary epithelial cells by Legionella pneumophila: involvement of TLR2 and TLR5, p38 MAPK, JNK, NF-?B, and AP-1

Legionella pneumophila is an important causative agent of severe pneumonia in humans. Human alveolar epithelium is an effective barrier for inhaled microorganisms and actively participates in the initiation of innate host defense. Induction of...

Authors: Scharf S, Hippenstiel S, Flieger A, Suttorp N, N\'Guessan PD

Down-regulation of canonical and up-regulation of non-canonical Wnt signalling in the carcinogenic process of squamous cell lung carcinoma

The majority of lung cancers (LC) belong to the non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) type. The two main NSCLC sub-types, namely adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), respond differently to therapy. Whereas the link between cigarette...

Authors: Bartis D, Csongei V, Weich A, Kiss E, Barko S, Kovacs T, Avdicevic M, D'Souza VK, Rapp J, Kvell K,...

Inhibition of the Notch-Hey1 Axis Blocks Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma Tumorigenesis

PURPOSE: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood and remains refractory to combined-modality therapy in patients with high risk disease. In skeletal myogenesis, Notch signaling prevents muscle differentiation and...

Authors: Belyea BC, Naini S, Bentley RC, Linardic CM

Establishment of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 bistability and sustained activation through Sprouty 2 and its relevance for epithelial function.

Our objective was to establish an experimental model of a self-sustained and bistable extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling process. A single stimulation of cells with cytokines causes rapid ERK1/2 activation, which returns to...

Authors: Liu W, Tundwal K, Liang Q, Goplen N, Rozario S, Quayum N, Gorska M, Wenzel S, Balzar S, Alam R

FGFR4 blockade exerts distinct anti-tumorigenic effects in human embryonal versus alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma

PURPOSE: Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a malignancy with features of skeletal muscle, and the most common soft tissue sarcoma of childhood. Survival for high-risk groups is approximately 30% at 5 years and there are no durable therapies tailored to its...

Authors: Crose LE, Etheridge KT, Chen C, Belyea B, Talbot LJ, Bentley RC, Linardic CM.

Mesenchymal stem cells promote alveolar epithelial cell wound repair in vitro through distinct migratory and paracrine mechanisms.

BACKGROUND: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) are in clinical trials for widespread indications including musculoskeletal, neurological, cardiac and haematological disorders. Furthermore, MSC can ameliorate pulmonary fibrosis in animal models although...

Authors: Akram KM, Samad S, Spiteri MA, Forsyth NR.

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