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Mitofusin 2 triggers vascular smooth muscle cell apoptosis via mitochondrial death pathway

Previous studies have shown that mitofusin 2 (Mfn-2) (or hyperplasia suppressor gene [HSG]) inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation. Here, we demonstrate that Mfn-2 is a primary determinant of VSMC apoptosis. First, oxidative stress...

Authors: Guo X, Chen KH, Guo Y, Liao H, Tang J, Xiao RP

Molecular Interactions between T Cells and Fibroblast-Like Synoviocytes. Role of Membrane Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha on Cytokine-Activated T Cells

The mechanism of fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) transformation into an inflammatory phenotype in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is not fully understood. FLS interactions with invading leukocytes, particularly T cells, are thought to be a critical...

Authors: Tran CN, Lundy SK, White PT, Endres JL, Motyl CD, Gupta R, Wilke CM, Shelden EA, Chung KC, Urquhart...

Mechanism of All-Trans Retinoic Acid Effect on Tumor-Associated Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) play an important role in tumor escape by suppressing T-cell responses. MDSC represent a group of cells of myeloid lineage at different stages of differentiation. Increased arginase activity and production of...

Authors: Nefedova Y, Fishman M, Sherman S, Wang X, Beg AA, Gabrilovich DI

The TR2 and TR4 orphan nuclear receptors repress Gata1 transcription

When the orphan nuclear receptors TR2 and TR4, the DNA-binding subunits of the DRED repressor complex, are forcibly expressed in erythroid cells of transgenic mice, embryos exhibit a transient mid-gestational anemia as a consequence of a reduction in...

Authors: Tanabe O, Shen Y, Liu Q, Campbell AD, Kuroha T, Yamamoto M, Engel JD

G1P3, an IFN-induced survival factor, antagonizes TRAIL-induced apoptosis in human myeloma cells

The effectiveness of IFN-alpha2b for human multiple myeloma has been variable. TRAIL has been proposed to mediate IFN-alpha2b apoptosis in myeloma. In this study we assessed the effects of IFN-alpha2b signaling on the apoptotic activity of TRAIL and...

Authors: Cheriyath V, Glaser KB, Waring JF, Baz R, Hussein MA, Borden EC

Activation of Hepatic Stem Cell Marker EpCAM by Wnt beta-Catenin Signaling in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

The heterogeneous nature of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and the lack of appropriate biomarkers have hampered patient prognosis and treatment stratification. Using a gene expression profiling approach, we recently identified a novel prognostic HCC...

Authors: Yamashita T, Budhu A, Forgues M, Wang XW

16-kDa Prolactin Inhibits Endothelial Cell Migration by Down-Regulating the Ras-Tiam1-Rac1-Pak1 Signaling Pathway

Angiogenesis plays a key role in promoting tumorigenesis and metastasis. The 16-kDa fragment of prolactin (16k PRL) is an NH(2)-terminal natural breakdown fragment of the intact 23-kDa prolactin and has been shown to have potent antiangiogenic and...

Authors: Lee SH, Kunz J, Lin SH, Yu-Lee LY

Refined Characterization of the Expression and Stability of the SMN Gene Products

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is characterized by degeneration of lower motor neurons and caused by mutations of the SMN1 gene. SMN1 is duplicated in a homologous gene called SMN2, which remains present in patients. SMN has an essential role in RNA...

Authors: Vitte J, Fassier C, Tiziano FD, Dalard C, Soave S, Roblot N, Brahe C, Saugier-Veber P, Bonnefont JP,...

Pathogenesis of aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated development of lymphoma is associated with increased cyclooxygenase-2 expression

Epidemiological studies indicate that exposure to environmental pollutants such as pesticides and dioxins leads to the pathogenesis of lymphoma and leukemia. Here, we show that activation of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) by...

Authors: Vogel CF, Li W, Sciullo E, Newman J, Hammock B, Reader JR, Tuscano J, Matsumura F

Notch3 and IL-1beta exert opposing effects on a vascular smooth muscle cell inflammatory pathway in which NF-kappaB drives crosstalk

Atherogenesis begins with the transfer of monocytes from the lumen to the intimal layer of arteries. The paracrine activity acquired by these monocytes shifts vascular smooth muscle cells from a contractile-quiescent to a secretory-proliferative...

Authors: Clement N, Gueguen M, Glorian M, Blaise R, Andreani M, Brou C, Bausero P, Limon I

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