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Antigen targeting to endosomal pathway in dendritic cell vaccination activates regulatory T cells and attenuates tumor-immunity

Lymphoma cells are malignant cells of the T- or B-cell lineage which often express many surface markers inappropriately, yet are not recognized as abnormal by the immune system. We modeled this situation by inoculating ovalbumin-expressing E.G7-OVA...

Authors: Maksimow M, Miiluniemi M, Marttila-Ichihara F, Jalkanen S, Hanninen A

Endocytic function of Von Hippel-Lindau tumor suppressor protein regulates surface localization of FGF receptor 1 and cell motility

The tumor suppressor von Hippel-Lindau protein (VHL) serves as a negative regulator of hypoxia inducible factor-alpha subunits (HIF-alpha). However, accumulated evidence indicates that VHL may play additional roles in other cellular functions. We...

Authors: Hsu T, Adereth Y, Kose N, Dammai V

ATP binding to a unique site in the type-1 S2- Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor defines susceptibility to phosphorylation by protein kinase A

The subtype and splice variant specific modulation of Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (InsP3R) by interaction with cellular factors plays a fundamental role in defining the characteristics of Ca2+ release in individual cell types. In this...

Authors: Wagner LE, Betzenhauser MJ, Yule DI

Par-3 mediates the inhibition of LIM kinase 2 to regulate cofilin phosphorylation and tight junction assembly

The polarity protein Par-3 plays critical roles in axon specification and the establishment of epithelial apico-basal polarity. Par-3 associates with Par-6 and atypical protein kinase C and is required for the proper assembly of tight junctions, but...

Authors: Chen X, Macara IG

Fluorescence resonance energy transfer in living cells reveals dynamic membrane changes in the initiation of B cell signaling

B cell responses are initiated by the clustering of the B cell receptor (BCR) by the binding of multivalent antigens. Clustering leads to phosphorylation of tyrosines in the cytoplasmic domains of the BCR by the inner plasma membrane...

Authors: Sohn HW, Tolar P, Jin T, Pierce SK

Proprotein convertase furin is preferentially expressed in T helper 1 cells and regulates interferon-

Interleukin (IL) -12 is a major inducer of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) and the principal mediator of T helper (Th)1 differentiation. To identify IL-12-regulated genes, which might contribute to Th1 differentiation and IFNG regulation, we employed...

Authors: Pesu M, Muul L, Kanno Y, O'shea JJ

Apoptotic cells promote macrophage survival by releasing the anti-apoptotic mediator sphingosine-1-phosphate

Programmed cell death is vital for a number of pathophysiologic settings. Apoptotic cells are rapidly engulfed by phagocytes (ie, macrophages), which in turn acquire an anti-inflammatory phenotype known as alternative activation or the M2-type. Here...

Authors: Weigert A, Johann AM, von Knethen A, Schmidt H, Geisslinger G, Brune B

Effect of protein kinase A on accumulation of brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange protein 1 (BIG1) in HepG2 cell nuclei

Brefeldin A-inhibited guanine nucleotide-exchange proteins, BIG1 and BIG2, are activators of ADP-ribosylation factor GTPases that are essential for regulating vesicular traffic among intracellular organelles. Biochemical analyses and...

Authors: Citterio C, Jones HD, Pacheco-Rodriguez G, Islam A, Moss J, Vaughan M

EWI-2 and EWI-F link the tetraspanin web to the actin cytoskeleton through their direct association with ERM proteins

EWI-2 and EWI-F, two members of a novel subfamily of Ig proteins, are direct partners of tetraspanins CD9 (Tspan29) and CD81 (Tspan28). These EWI proteins contain a stretch of basic charged amino acids in their cytoplasmic domains that may act as...

Authors: Sala-Valdes M, Ursa A, Charrin S, Rubinstein E, Hemler ME, Sanchez-Madrid F, Yanez-Mo M

Pro- and Antiinflammatory Cytokine Signaling: Reciprocal Antagonism Regulates Interferon-gamma Production by Human Natural Killer Cells

Activated monocytes produce proinflammatory cytokines (monokines) such as interleukin (IL)-12, IL-15, and IL-18 for induction of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) by natural killer (NK) cells. NK cells provide the antiinflammatory cytokine transforming...

Authors: Yu J, Wei M, Becknell B, Trotta R, Liu S, Boyd Z, Jaung MS, Blaser BW, Sun J, Benson DM Jr, Mao H,...

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