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Cdc42-interacting protein 4 functionally links actin and microtubule networks at the cytolytic NK cell immunological synapse

An essential function of the immunological synapse (IS) is directed secretion. NK cells are especially adept at this activity, as they direct lytic granules to the synapse for secretion, which enables cytotoxicity and facilitates host defense. This...

Authors: Banerjee PP, Pandey R, Zheng R, Suhoski MM, Monaco-Shawver L, Orange JS

Chlamydia pneumoniae inclusion membrane protein Cpn0585 interacts with multiple Rab GTPases

Chlamydiae are intracellular bacteria that develop within a membrane-bound vacuole called an inclusion. To ensure that the inclusion is a safe niche for chlamydial replication, chlamydiae exploit a number of host cell processes, including...

Authors: Cortes C, Rzomp KA, Tvinnereim A, Scidmore MA, Wizel B

Wiskott-aldrich syndrome protein is a key regulator of the phagocytic cup formation in macrophages

Phagocytosis is a vital first-line host defense mechanism against infection, involving the ingestion and digestion of foreign materials such as bacteria by specialized cells, phagocytes. In order for phagocytes to ingest the foreign materials, they...

Authors: Tsuboi S, Meerloo J

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1 and Dysregulated c-Myc Cooperatively Induce Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor and Metabolic Switches Hexokinase 2 and Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Kinase 1

Hypoxia is a pervasive microenvironmental factor that affects normal development as well as tumor progression. In most normal cells, hypoxia stabilizes hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs), particularly HIF-1, which activates genes involved...

Authors: Kim JW, Gao P, Liu YC, Semenza GL, Dang CV

Rapamycin Promotes Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Differentiation through Insulin Receptor Substrate-1/Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase/Akt2 Feedback Signaling

The phenotypic plasticity of mature vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) facilitates angiogenesis and wound healing, but VSCM dedifferentiation also contributes to vascular pathologies such as intimal hyperplasia. Insulin/insulin-like growth factor I...

Authors: Martin KA, Merenick BL, Ding M, Fetalvero KM, Rzucidlo EM, Kozul CD, Brown DJ, Chiu HY, Shyu M,...

Biosynthesis of regulatory oxysterol, 5-cholesten-3beta , 25-diol 3-sulfate, in hepatocytes

Cellular cholesterol homeostasis is maintained through coordinated regulation of cholesterol synthesis, degradation, and secretion. Nuclear receptors for oxygenated cholesterol derivatives (oxysterols) are known to play key roles in the regulation of...

Authors: Li X, Pandak WM, Erickson SK, Ma Y, Yin L, Hylemon P, Ren S

RIDDLE immunodeficiency syndrome is linked to defects in 53BP1-mediated DNA damage signaling

Cellular DNA double-strand break-repair pathways have evolved to protect the integrity of the genome from a continual barrage of potentially detrimental insults. Inherited mutations in genes that control this process result in an inability to...

Authors: Stewart GS, Stankovic T, Byrd PJ, Wechsler T, Miller ES, Huissoon A, Drayson MT, West SC, Elledge...

Involvement of integrin-linked kinase in carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic fibrosis in rats

Integrin-linked kinase (ILK) is a multidomain focal adhesion protein implicated in signal transduction between integrins and growth factor receptors. Although its expression is upregulated in pulmonary and renal fibrosis, its role in the development...

Authors: Zhang Y, Ikegami T, Honda A, Miyazaki T, Bouscarel B, Rojkind M, Hyodo I, Matsuzaki Y

Distinct Pathways for the Early Recruitment of Myosin II and Actin to the Cytokinetic Furrow

Equatorial organization of myosin II and actin has been recognized as a universal event in cytokinesis of animal cells. Current models for the formation of equatorial cortex favor either directional cortical transport toward the equator, or localized...

Authors: Zhou M, Wang YL

Nucleofection and adoptive transfer of primary mouse T lymphocytes

Authors: Li L, Boussiotis V

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