Search Results

Proinsulin is encoded by an RNA splice variant in human blood myeloid cells

Genes for peripheral tissue-restricted self-antigens are expressed in thymic and hematopoietic cells. In thymic medullary epithelial cells, self-antigen expression imposes selection on developing autoreactive T cells and regulates susceptibility to...

Authors: Narendran P, Neale AM, Lee BH, Ngui K, Steptoe RJ, Morahan G, Madsen O, Dromey JA, Jensen KP,...

Tau-dependent microtubule disassembly initiated by prefibrillar -amyloid

Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is defined histopathologically by extracellular beta-amyloid (Abeta) fibrils plus intraneuronal tau filaments. Studies of transgenic mice and cultured cells indicate that AD is caused by a pathological cascade in which Abeta...

Authors: King ME, Kan HM, Baas PW, Erisir A, Glabe CG, Bloom GS

The Hlx homeobox transcription factor negatively regulates interferon- production in monokine-activated natural killer cells

Natural killer (NK) cells contribute to host immunity, including tumor surveillance, through the production of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma). Although there is some knowledge about molecular mechanisms that induce IFN-gamma in NK cells, considerably...

Authors: Becknell B, Hughes TL, Freud AG, Blaser BW, Yu J, Trotta R, Mao HC, Caligiuri de Jesus ML,...

CD40 induces macrophage anti-Toxoplasma gondii activity by triggering autophagy-dependent fusion of pathogen-containing vacuoles and lysosomes

Many intracellular pathogens, including Toxoplasma gondii, survive within macrophages by residing in vacuoles that avoid fusion with lysosomes. It is important to determine whether cell-mediated immunity can trigger macrophage antimicrobial activity...

Authors: Andrade RM, Wessendarp M, Gubbels MJ, Striepen B, Subauste CS

Role of aPKC Isoforms and Their Binding Partners Par3 and Par6 in Epidermal Barrier Formation

The skin water barrier, essential for terrestrial life, is formed by a multilayered stratifying epithelium, which shows a polarized distribution of both differentiation and intercellular junction markers. Recently, several reports showed the crucial...

Authors: Helfrich I, Schmitz A, Zigrino P, Michels C, Haase I, Bivic AL, Leitges M, Niessen CM

HTLV-1 Tax Protein Down-regulates the Pre-TCR Gene Transcription in Human Immature Thymocytes

The human pre-T-cell receptor alpha (TCRalpha; pTalpha) gene encodes a polypeptide which associates with the TCRbeta chain and CD3 molecules to form the pre-TCR complex. The surface expression of the pre-TCR is pTalpha dependent, and signaling...

Authors: Wencker M, Sausse C, Derse D, Gazzolo L, Dodon MD

Caspase-8 prevents sustained activation of NF-B in monocytes undergoing macrophagic differentiation

Caspases have demonstrated several nonapoptotic functions including a role in the differentiation of specific cell types. Here, we show that caspase-8 is the upstream enzyme in the proteolytic caspase cascade whose activation is required for the...

Authors: Rebe C, Cathelin S, Launay S, Filomenko R, Prevotat L, L'ollivier C, Gyan E, Micheau O, Grant S,...

Neuronal polarity is regulated by glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) independently of Akt/PKB serine phosphorylation

An essential step during the development of hippocampal neurons is the polarised outgrowth of a single axon. Recently, it has been suggested that inhibition of glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta) via Akt/PKB-dependent phosphorylation of Ser9,...

Authors: Gaertner A, Huang X, Hall A

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 vpr induces DNA replication stress in vitro and in vivo

The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) viral protein R (Vpr) causes cell cycle arrest in G(2). Vpr-expressing cells display the hallmarks of certain forms of DNA damage, specifically activation of the ataxia telangiectasia mutated and...

Authors: Zimmerman ES, Sherman MP, Blackett JL, Neidleman JA, Kreis C, Mundt P, Williams SA, Warmerdam M,...

Insulin Degrading Enzyme Is a Cellular Receptor Mediating Varicella-Zoster Virus Infection and Cell-to-Cell Spread

Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox and shingles. While varicella is likely spread as cell-free virus to susceptible hosts, the virus is transmitted by cell-to-cell spread in the body and in vitro. Since VZV glycoprotein E (gE) is...

Authors: Li Q, Ali MA, Cohen JI

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