Diseased Bronchial Epithelial Cells are characterized by morphology through serial passage and some are tested for differentiation using B-ALI™ Differentiation protocols, these are tested for TEER levels, ciliogenesis, and mucin production.

Diseased Bronchial Smooth Muscle Cells test positive for alpha-actin & negative for vWF.

Diseased Lung Fibroblasts test negative for vWF andalpha-actin and positive for cytokeratins 18 & 19.

Population doublings of all cells are reported through multiple passages.