The only manual step required is for the analyst to perform the initial reconstitution and vortex the initial stock CSE (or RSE) solution prior to running the assay. The robot prepares the standard curve. As we do not place a vortex mixer on the deck, the robot uses multiple aspirate/dispense steps to mix the standards, starting from the stock CSE solution. Study data confirm that this method is comparable to using a standard vortex. This method is included in the reagent package inserts for automation customers.