Molecular Design, Optimization, and Genomic Integration of Chimeric B Cell Receptors in Murine B Cells.

Authors:
Pesch T, Bonati L, Kelton W, Parola C, Ehling RA, Csepregi L, Kitamura D, Reddy ST.
In:
Source: Frontiers in Immunology
Publication Date: (2019)
Issue: 10: 2630
Research Area:
Cancer Research/Cell Biology
Immunotherapy / Hematology
Cells used in publication:
B cell, mouse
Species: mouse
Tissue Origin: blood
Platform:
4D-Nucleofector® X-Unit
Experiment

Pre-activated B cells were transfected using the P4 Primary Cell 4D-Nucleofector X Kit L (Lonza, V4XP-4024) in combination with the program DI-100. The following standard conditions in 100 µl total volume of nucleofectionmix were used, if not described differently: 1 × 106 cells, 20 µg Cas9 protein complexed with 0.156 nmol Alt-R duplex gRNA at 1:1.125 ratio and 5 µg of linearized double-stranded DNA generated by PCR. After electroporation, edited cells were seeded in 5–6mL culturing medium supplemented with rIL-4 into a 6-well plate in the presence of irradiated 40 LB cells (5 × 105 cells per well). Two days after transfection (Day 3), the B cell culturing medium was replaced by carefully aspirating the medium and adding 5ml of fresh B cell medium supplemented with rIL-4. One day later
(Day 4), primary B cells were harvested and prepared for flow cytometry analysis.

Hybridoma cells were electroporated using the SF Cell Line 4DNucleofector X Kit L (Lonza, V4XC-2024) with the program CQ-104. The following standard conditions in 100 µl of total volume of nucleofection mix were used: 1 × 106 cells, 0.156 nmol pre-complexed Alt-R duplex gRNA and 5 µg of PCRlinearized double-stranded DNA. Following transfection, cells were incubated for 5min at RT, before adding 500 µl of prewarmed medium to the nucleocuvette and typically transferring themto 1.5mL of fresh growthmediumin 6-well plates. The cells were usually supplemented 24 h later with 0.5–1.0mL of fresh culturing medium.

Abstract

Immune cell therapies based on the integration of synthetic antigen receptors comprise a powerful strategy for the treatment of diverse diseases, most notably T cells engineered to express chimeric antigen receptors (CAR) for targeted cancer therapy. In addition to T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes may also represent valuable immune cells that can be engineered for therapeutic purposes such as protein replacement therapy or recombinant antibody production. In this article, we report a promising concept for the molecular design, optimization, and genomic integration of a novel class of synthetic antigen receptors, chimeric B cell receptors (CBCR). We initially optimized CBCR expression and detection by modifying the extracellular surface tag, the transmembrane regions and intracellular signaling domains. For this purpose, we stably integrated a series of CBCR variants using CRISPR-Cas9 into immortalized B cell hybridomas. Subsequently, we developed a reliable and consistent pipeline to precisely introduce cassettes of several kb size into the genome of primary murine B cells also using CRISPR-Cas9 induced HDR. Finally, we were able to show the robust surface expression and antigen recognition of a synthetic CBCR in primary B cells. We anticipate CBCRs and our approach for engineering primary B cells will be a valuable tool for the advancement of future B cell- based immune cell therapies.